Specht C A, Stankis M M, Giasson L, Novotny C P, Ullrich R C
Department of Botany, University of Vermont, Burlington 05405.
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1992 Aug 1;89(15):7174-8. doi: 10.1073/pnas.89.15.7174.
DNA-mediated transformation was used to correlate function with putative genes from three alternative A alpha mating-type loci (A alpha 1, A alpha 3, and A alpha 4) of Schizophyllum commune. Each DNA was tested in at least nine haploid strains, one for each of the nine A alpha mating types found in the world-wide population of S. commune. The Y and Z genes (tentatively identified by sequence analysis elsewhere) individually activate A alpha-regulated development when transformed into any strain with a different A alpha mating type. The only exceptions are when the Y alleles of A alpha 3 or A alpha 4 (i.e., Y3 or Y4, respectively) are introduced into an A alpha 1 strain (the A alpha 1 locus encodes Y1 but lacks a Z gene). These observations indicate that A alpha-regulated development is activated by the interaction (direct or indirect) of products from different genes (e.g., Z3 and Y1) rather than from different alleles of the same gene (e.g., Y1 and Y3). Therefore, the activating interaction is of the form ZiYj where i not equal to j and i and j are the A alpha mating types from which the Z and Y polypeptides, respectively, are derived. Transformations with truncated or mutagenized genes begin to define essential regions of the genes and their products. Activity is in some cases dependent upon the particular A alpha mating type of the recipient. A working hypothesis for the activation of A alpha-regulated development is proposed.
DNA介导的转化被用于将功能与来自裂褶菌三种不同的Aα交配型位点（Aα1、Aα3和Aα4）的假定基因相关联。每种DNA在至少九个单倍体菌株中进行测试，这些菌株对应于在裂褶菌全球种群中发现的九种Aα交配型中的每一种。Y和Z基因（在其他地方通过序列分析初步鉴定）在转化到具有不同Aα交配型的任何菌株中时，会单独激活Aα调控的发育。唯一的例外是当Aα3或Aα4的Y等位基因（即分别为Y3或Y4）被导入Aα1菌株时（Aα1位点编码Y1但缺乏Z基因）。这些观察结果表明，Aα调控的发育是由不同基因（例如Z3和Y1）的产物之间的相互作用（直接或间接）激活的，而不是由同一基因的不同等位基因（例如Y1和Y3）激活的。因此，激活相互作用的形式为ZiYj，其中i不等于j，i和j分别是Z和Y多肽所源自的Aα交配型。用截短或诱变的基因进行转化开始确定基因及其产物的必需区域。在某些情况下，活性取决于受体的特定Aα交配型。提出了一个关于激活Aα调控发育的工作假说。
