CHANCE B, HESS B
Science. 1959 Mar 13;129(3350):700-8. doi: 10.1126/science.129.3350.700.
The Pasteur and Crabtree effects demonstrate that changes at the beginning of the metabolic sequence for glucose metabolism give rise to effects at the end, and vice versa. We have presented here three additional responses of the ascites tumor cell suspensions, and presumably more will be uncovered. Each one of these responses is a manifestation of factors in the underlying mechanism that are in the nature of chemical feedback of a linear or nonlinear nature. The metabolic reactions are sufficiently complex that it is unlikely that any single component or step need control metabolism in different types of cells or under all conditions for a particular cell. However, it is due to a favorable circumstance that, in an appropriate type of cell and with the use of a direct intracellular indicator for changes in ADP concentration, we can state that the respiratory metabolism of the ascites tumor cell suspension, as freshly withdrawn from the mouse abdomen, is limited by the intracellular ADP concentration, and that this is why these cells show a predominance of glycolytic over respiratory activity. The response of the metabolism to small and large additions of glucose illustrates aspects of the metabolic mechanism which involve control of endogenous metabolism and compartmentalization of ATP formed in oxidative phosphorylation, the net result being a depression of the respiratory activity. The results of this approach emphasize the importance of chemical assays of localized portions of the living cell in its physiological state (61).
巴斯德效应和克勒勃屈利效应表明，葡萄糖代谢序列起始处的变化会在末端产生影响，反之亦然。我们在此展示了腹水肿瘤细胞悬液的另外三种反应，想必还会发现更多。这些反应中的每一种都是潜在机制中线性或非线性化学反馈性质的因素的体现。代谢反应足够复杂，以至于不太可能有任何单个成分或步骤能在不同类型的细胞中或在特定细胞的所有条件下控制代谢。然而，由于一种有利的情况，即在适当类型的细胞中并使用直接的细胞内ADP浓度变化指示剂，我们可以指出，刚从小鼠腹部取出的腹水肿瘤细胞悬液的呼吸代谢受细胞内ADP浓度限制，这就是为什么这些细胞的糖酵解活性高于呼吸活性。代谢对少量和大量添加葡萄糖的反应说明了代谢机制的一些方面，这些方面涉及内源性代谢的控制以及氧化磷酸化中形成的ATP的区室化，最终结果是呼吸活性降低。这种方法的结果强调了对处于生理状态的活细胞局部进行化学分析的重要性(61)。
