Dempsey P W, Vaidya S A, Cheng G
Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Molecular Genetics, University of California, 10833 LeConte Avenue, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA.
Cell Mol Life Sci. 2003 Dec;60(12):2604-21. doi: 10.1007/s00018-003-3180-y.
Research over the last several years has greatly advanced our understanding of the mechanisms by which the immune system functions. There exist two main branches of immunity, termed innate and adaptive immunity. Innate immunity uses the genetic memory of germline-encoded receptors to recognize the molecular patterns of common pathogens. Adaptive immunity, akin to somatic memory, is a complex system by which the body learns to recognize a pathogen's unique antigens and builds an antigen specific response to destroy it. The effective development of the overall immune response depends on careful interplay and regulation between innate and adaptive immunity. Here we review our current understanding of how these integrated systems distinguish targets against which a response is appropriate and neutralize potentially pathogenic challenges.
过去几年的研究极大地增进了我们对免疫系统运作机制的理解。免疫系统主要有两个分支，即固有免疫和适应性免疫。固有免疫利用种系编码受体的遗传记忆来识别常见病原体的分子模式。适应性免疫类似于体细胞记忆，是一个复杂的系统，机体通过该系统学会识别病原体的独特抗原，并建立针对抗原的特异性反应以将其消灭。整体免疫反应的有效发展取决于固有免疫和适应性免疫之间的精细相互作用和调节。在此，我们综述了目前对于这些整合系统如何区分适当反应的靶标并中和潜在致病挑战的理解。
