Török Katalin, Fatemi Ali, Werner Irene, Kerbl Reinhold, Schwarz Bernhard, Ipsiroglu Osman S
Universitätsklinik für Kinder- und Jugendheikunde, AKH Wien, Wien, Osterreich.
Wien Klin Wochenschr. 2003 Dec 30;115(24):860-6. doi: 10.1007/BF03040406.
The prevalence of snoring was evaluated in school children between 11 and 15 years of age. In addition to items reported by parents, children were asked to answer a questionnaire in order to receive information about the children's potential complaints, life style and school performance.
The study was performed in 21 randomly selected schools in the Vienna area. 1434 school children were interviewed by a questionnaire (mean age 12.5 years, median 13 years, 676 girls vs. 699 boys). The questionnaire consisted of 45 multiple-choice questions about the socioeconomic status, possible sleep disorders and signs or symptoms of obstructive sleep apneas (OSA). The questionnaire completed by parents was also used to calculate the Brouillette-Score from the items snoring, obstructed breaths and apneas.
5.2% (74/1434) of children and 6.9% (86/1259) of parents or caregivers reported about snoring (frequently or very frequently). There were no sex differences for the children's and the parents' questionnaire. None of the children had a clearly positive result (hint of OSA) from the Brouillette-Score whereas "suspicious OSA" was observed in 3.2% (40/1259). When frequent and very frequent snorers were compared with the other children, more mouth breathing during sleep (p < 0.00001), mouth dryness (p < 0.00005), headache (p < 0.0005), cigarette exposition at home (p < 0.001), smoking (p < 0.005), daytime naps (p < 0.005), crying out of sleep (p < 0.01), daytime tiredness (p < 0.05) und a higher body mass index (p < 0.05) could be observed in this group, in addition to the items reported by the parents.
The prevalence of snoring is lower in our study than in other studies. No statistically significant sex differences were observed, both in the parents' and the children's questionnaire. In our study snoring seems to be a sign or symptom of different sleep disorders, and not only of OSA. A statistically significant correlation between snoring and anamnestic hints of sleep disorders underlines the need to ask concerned children themselves for observations potentially associated with sleep disorders. Results of the Brouillette-Score could not be used to identify sleep disorders in our study.
对11至15岁的在校儿童打鼾患病率进行了评估。除了家长报告的项目外，还要求儿童回答一份问卷，以获取有关儿童潜在不适、生活方式和学习成绩的信息。
该研究在维也纳地区随机选择的21所学校进行。通过问卷对1434名在校儿童进行了访谈（平均年龄12.5岁，中位数13岁，676名女孩对699名男孩）。问卷由45个关于社会经济状况、可能的睡眠障碍以及阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停（OSA）体征或症状的多项选择题组成。家长填写的问卷也用于根据打鼾、呼吸受阻和呼吸暂停等项目计算布劳伊莱特评分。
5.2%（74/1434）的儿童以及6.9%（86/1259）的家长或照料者报告有打鼾（经常或非常频繁）。儿童问卷和家长问卷均未发现性别差异。布劳伊莱特评分中没有儿童有明确的阳性结果（提示OSA），而在1259名儿童中有3.2%（40/1259）观察到“疑似OSA”。当将经常和非常频繁打鼾者与其他儿童进行比较时，除了家长报告的项目外，还可观察到该组睡眠中张口呼吸更多（p<0.00001）、口干（p<0.00005）、头痛（p<0.0005）、家中有香烟烟雾暴露（p<0.001）、吸烟（p<0.005）、白天打盹（p<0.005）、睡眠中惊叫（p<0.01）、白天疲倦（p<0.05）以及体重指数更高（p<0.05）。
我们研究中的打鼾患病率低于其他研究。在家长问卷和儿童问卷中均未观察到具有统计学意义的性别差异。在我们的研究中，打鼾似乎是不同睡眠障碍的体征或症状，而不仅仅是OSA的体征或症状。打鼾与睡眠障碍既往史提示之间具有统计学意义的相关性强调了需要询问相关儿童自身有关可能与睡眠障碍相关的观察情况。在我们的研究中，布劳伊莱特评分结果不能用于识别睡眠障碍。
