Gustafson R, Svenungsson B, Forsgren M, Gardulf A, Granström M
Department of Infectious Diseases, Karolinska Institute, Huddinge University Hospital, Sweden.
Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis. 1992 Oct;11(10):894-900. doi: 10.1007/BF01962369.
A survey was made over a two-year period (September 1987 to August 1989) of a population living in an area endemic for Lyme borreliosis and tick-borne encephalitis in Sweden. For each patient a blood sample was collected and a questionnaire completed annually. All sera were tested for an antibody response to Borrelia burgdorferi in an EIA using sonicated antigen and for an antibody response to the tick-borne encephalitis virus using an EIA and a haemagglutination inhibition test. Antibodies to Borrelia burgdorferi and tick-borne encephalitis virus were detected in 89 (25.7%) and 40 (11.6%) respectively of 346 samples collected in August 1987. In the first year of the study 14 of 303 subjects (4.6%) developed Lyme borreliosis and in the second year 9 of 277 subjects (3.2%). A significant increase in the antibody titre for Borrelia burgdorferi was seen in 14 of 303 (4.6%) subjects in the first year and 8 of 277 (2.9%) subjects in the second year. An earlier episode of Lyme borreliosis or an elevated antibody titre did not seem to protect against reinfection. One case of tick-borne encephalitis was seen each year. Seroconversion for tick-borne encephalitis virus was found in 3 of 258 (1.2%) subjects in the first year and 5 of 211 (2.4%) in the second year, excluding subjects who had undergone successful immunisation or had earlier been hospitalised for tick-borne encephalitis. The study thus demonstrated a high yearly incidence of tick-borne infections in a population at risk.
在瑞典一个莱姆病螺旋体病和蜱传脑炎的地方性流行地区，对当地居民进行了为期两年（1987年9月至1989年8月）的调查。每年为每位患者采集一份血样并填写一份问卷。所有血清均采用超声处理抗原的酶免疫分析法检测对伯氏疏螺旋体的抗体反应，并用酶免疫分析法和血凝抑制试验检测对蜱传脑炎病毒的抗体反应。在1987年8月采集的346份样本中，分别有89份（25.7%）和40份（11.6%）检测出对伯氏疏螺旋体和蜱传脑炎病毒的抗体。在研究的第一年，303名受试者中有14名（4.6%）患莱姆病螺旋体病，第二年，277名受试者中有9名（3.2%）患病。第一年，303名受试者中有14名（4.6%）伯氏疏螺旋体抗体滴度显著升高，第二年，277名受试者中有8名（2.9%）出现这种情况。先前患过莱姆病螺旋体病或抗体滴度升高似乎并不能预防再次感染。每年均有1例蜱传脑炎病例。在第一年，258名受试者中有3名（1.2%）出现蜱传脑炎病毒血清转化，第二年，211名受试者中有5名（2.4%）出现血清转化，不包括已成功免疫或先前因蜱传脑炎住院的受试者。因此，该研究表明，在高危人群中，蜱传感染的年发病率很高。
