Erythrocyte antioxidant system and serum ceruloplasmin levels in welders.

The erythrocyte antioxidant system (superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase, reduced glutathione) and serum ceruloplasmin were studied in workers chronically exposed to welding fumes and gases, which are thought to be oxidant pollutants. Fifty-four healthy men using two electric arc welding processes (manual metal arc on stainless steel and mild steel, and metal inert gas on mild steel) were studied. The possible effects of cigarette smoking were also considered. The erythrocyte antioxidant system was in the normal range for all welders. Serum ceruloplasmin was significantly enhanced only in smoking welders and higher in manual metal arc than in metal inert gas welders, suggesting that the increase is related to the severity of the oxidant threat, which is more stressful for the workers using the manual metal arc technique because of the presence of stainless steel particles in the fumes. Although cigarette smoking alone did not increase serum ceruloplasmin levels, it affected the response to oxidant stress in welders.