Polman Remco, Walsh Darren, Bloomfield Jonny, Nesti Mark
School of Leisure and Sports Studies, Leeds Metropolitan University, Beckett Park Campus, Fairfax Hall, Leeds LS6 3QS, UK.
J Sports Sci. 2004 Feb;22(2):191-203. doi: 10.1080/02640410310001641458.
We compared the efficacy of three physical conditioning programmes provided over a 12 week period (24 h in total) on selected anthropometric and physical fitness parameters in female soccer players. Two of the groups received physical conditioning training in accordance with speed, agility and quickness (SAQ); one group used specialized resistance and speed development SAQ equipment (equipment group; n = 12), while the other group used traditional soccer coaching equipment (non-equipment group; n = 12). A third group received their regular fitness sessions (active control group; n = 12). All three interventions decreased (P < 0.001) the participants' body mass index (-3.7%) and fat percentage (-1.7%), and increased their flexibility (+14.7%) and maximal aerobic capacity (VO2max) (+18.4%). The participants in the equipment and non-equipment conditioning groups showed significantly (P < 0.005) greater benefits from their training programme than those in the active control group by performing significantly better on the sprint to fatigue (-11.6% for both the equipment and non-equipment groups versus -6.2% for the active control group), 25 m sprint (-4.4% vs -0.7%), left (-4.5% vs -1.0%) and right (-4.0% vs -1.4%) side agility, and vertical (+18.5% vs +4.8%) and horizontal (+7.7% vs +1.6%) power tests. Some of these differences in improvements in physical fitness between the equipment and non-equipment conditioning groups on the one hand and the active control group on the other hand were probably due to the specificity of the training programmes. It was concluded that SAQ training principles appear to be effective in the physical conditioning of female soccer players. Moreover, these principles can be implemented during whole team training sessions without the need for specialized SAQ equipment. Finally, more research is required to establish the relationship between physical fitness and soccer performance as well as the principles underlying the improvements seen through the implementation of SAQ training programmes.
我们比较了在12周内（共24小时）提供的三种体能训练计划对女子足球运动员选定的人体测量和体能参数的效果。其中两组接受了速度、敏捷性和快速性（SAQ）方面的体能训练；一组使用专门的阻力和速度发展SAQ设备（设备组；n = 12），而另一组使用传统的足球训练设备（非设备组；n = 12）。第三组进行常规体能训练（积极对照组；n = 12）。所有三种干预措施均降低了（P < 0.001）参与者的体重指数（-3.7%）和脂肪百分比（-1.7%），并提高了他们的柔韧性（+14.7%）和最大有氧能力（VO2max）（+18.4%）。设备组和非设备组的参与者通过在疲劳短跑（设备组和非设备组均为-11.6%，而积极对照组为-6.2%）、25米短跑（-4.4%对-0.7%）、左侧（-4.5%对-1.0%）和右侧（-4.0%对-1.4%）敏捷性以及垂直（+18.5%对+4.8%）和水平（+7.7%对+1.6%）力量测试中表现得明显更好，显示出其训练计划比积极对照组有显著（P < 0.005）更大的益处。设备组和非设备组与积极对照组在体能改善方面的一些差异可能归因于训练计划的特殊性。得出的结论是，SAQ训练原则似乎对女子足球运动员的体能训练有效。此外，这些原则可以在整个团队训练课程中实施，而无需专门的SAQ设备。最后，需要更多的研究来确定体能与足球表现之间的关系以及通过实施SAQ训练计划所看到的改善背后的原则。
