Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy.
Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Obesity Unit and Laboratory of Nutrition and Obesity Research, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Milan, Italy.
PLoS One. 2022 Dec 1;17(12):e0277683. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0277683. eCollection 2022.
The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of a short-term (4 weeks) non-soccer-specific training programme based on speed, agility and quickness (SAQ) and a soccer-specific training programme based on small-sided games (SSG) on cognitive and physical performance in preadolescent soccer players. Twenty-one participants were randomly assigned to SAQ group (n = 11) or SSG group (n = 10). They were tested pre and post interventions on physical (5 m sprint, 20 m sprint and sprint with turns of 90°) and cognitive (inhibitory control by means of the Flanker task and perceptual speed by means of the visual search task) performances. Although no significant time x group interactions were observed, the main effect of time was significant for cognitive performance and 5 m and 20 m sprint, showing improvements after both SAQ and SSG. These findings highlight that 4 weeks of SAQ training programme induced comparable improvements in cognitive and physical performance with respect to a soccer-specific training programme based on SSG in preadolescent soccer players. Non-sport-specific activities targeting speed, agility and quickness combined with cognitive engagement (i.e., SAQ) should be useful strategies as soccer-specific activities to be included within a soccer training programme for promoting both physical and cognitive domain in preadolescent individuals.
本研究旨在探究基于速度、敏捷和快速性（SAQ）的短期（4 周）非足球专项训练计划和基于小场比赛（SSG）的足球专项训练计划对青少年足球运动员认知和身体表现的影响。21 名参与者被随机分配到 SAQ 组（n=11）或 SSG 组（n=10）。他们在干预前和干预后进行了身体（5 米冲刺、20 米冲刺和 90°转弯冲刺）和认知（通过 Flanker 任务进行抑制控制和通过视觉搜索任务进行知觉速度）表现的测试。尽管没有观察到时间 x 组的交互作用，但时间的主要效应在认知表现和 5 米和 20 米冲刺方面是显著的，表明在 SAQ 和 SSG 之后都有提高。这些发现表明，4 周的 SAQ 训练计划在认知和身体表现方面与基于 SSG 的足球专项训练计划具有相当的提升效果，适用于青少年足球运动员。针对速度、敏捷和快速性的非体育专项活动与认知参与相结合（即 SAQ），应作为足球专项活动的有用策略，纳入青少年足球训练计划中，以促进青少年在身体和认知领域的发展。
