Hebl Michelle R, King Eden B, Lin Jean
Department of Psychology, Rice University-MS 25, 6100 Main Street, Houston, TX 77005, USA.
Pers Soc Psychol Bull. 2004 Oct;30(10):1322-31. doi: 10.1177/0146167204264052.
Self-objectification theory posits and past research has found that Caucasian women's body image is negatively affected by a stigma of obesity and sociocultural norm of thinness that leads women to self-focus from a critical external perspective. However, research in this area is limited by its methodology and the restricted demographic composition of its study participants. The current study tested 176 men and 224 women of Caucasian, African American, Hispanic, and Asian American descent in a situation that induced a state of self-objectification (e.g., wearing a one-piece Speedo bathing suit) or that served as a control condition (e.g., wearing a sweater). Contrary to previous research, when put in a self-objectifying situation, men and women of every ethnicity experienced negative outcomes (e.g., lower math performance) that parallel those previously found for Caucasian women.
自我物化理论认为，过去的研究也发现，肥胖的污名化以及瘦的社会文化规范会对白人女性的身体形象产生负面影响，这使得女性从批判性的外部视角关注自己。然而，该领域的研究受到其方法论以及研究参与者有限的人口构成的限制。当前的研究对176名男性和224名高加索、非裔美国、西班牙裔和亚裔美国血统的女性进行了测试，测试情境会引发自我物化状态（例如，穿着连体式速比涛泳衣）或作为对照条件（例如，穿着毛衣）。与之前的研究相反，当处于自我物化情境中时，每个种族的男性和女性都会经历负面结果（例如，数学成绩较低），这些结果与之前在白人女性身上发现的结果相似。
