Bates Utz Cristina, Nguyen Ann B, Smalley Darren J, Anderson April B, Conway Tyrrell
Deparment of Microbiology, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA.
J Bacteriol. 2004 Nov;186(22):7690-6. doi: 10.1128/JB.186.22.7690-7696.2004.
Escherichia coli has four gluconate transporters, GntP, GntU, GntT, and IdnT, which are members of the major facilitator superfamily. The physiological function of GntP was previously unknown and is the subject of this study. GntP is not induced by gluconate, and despite being located adjacent to genes involved in glucuronate catabolism, gntP does not encode a glucuronate transporter. Here we identify gntP as the gene which encodes the fructuronate transporter. We show that gntP is induced by fructuronate and is a new member of the UxuR regulon: gntP is derepressed in an uxuR strain, UxuR binds in vitro specifically to an operator site that overlaps the gntP promoter, and UxuR binding is eliminated by fructuronate. Transcription of gntP requires activation by cyclic AMP (cAMP)-cAMP receptor protein. A gntP mutant cannot grow on fructuronate but grows normally on glucuronate and gluconate. Thus, the UxuR regulon is a module of sugar acid catabolism whose physiological role is for growth on fructuronate. Glucuronate, because it proceeds through a fructuronate intermediate, must induce the UxuR regulon and must also induce the ExuR regulon, which encodes the glucuronate transporter, ExuT, and the first step in its catabolism, UxaC. Thus, hexuronate catabolism in E. coli requires both the ExuR and UxuR regulons, while fructuronate catabolism requires only the UxuR regulon.
大肠杆菌有四种葡萄糖酸盐转运蛋白,即GntP、GntU、GntT和IdnT,它们是主要易化子超家族的成员。GntP的生理功能此前未知,是本研究的主题。GntP不会被葡萄糖酸盐诱导,尽管它位于与葡萄糖醛酸分解代谢相关的基因附近,但gntP并不编码葡萄糖醛酸转运蛋白。在此,我们确定gntP是编码果糖醛酸转运蛋白的基因。我们发现gntP被果糖醛酸诱导,并且是UxuR调节子的一个新成员:gntP在uxuR菌株中去阻遏,UxuR在体外特异性结合到一个与gntP启动子重叠的操纵位点,并且果糖醛酸会消除UxuR的结合。gntP的转录需要环腺苷酸(cAMP)-cAMP受体蛋白的激活。gntP突变体不能利用果糖醛酸生长,但能在葡萄糖醛酸和葡萄糖酸盐上正常生长。因此,UxuR调节子是糖酸分解代谢的一个模块,其生理作用是利用果糖醛酸生长。葡萄糖醛酸因为会通过一个果糖醛酸中间体,所以必须诱导UxuR调节子,也必须诱导ExuR调节子,后者编码葡萄糖醛酸转运蛋白ExuT及其分解代谢的第一步UxaC。因此,大肠杆菌中的己糖醛酸分解代谢需要ExuR和UxuR调节子,而果糖醛酸分解代谢仅需要UxuR调节子。