Holtgraves T, Yang J N
Department of Psychological Science, Ball State University, Muncie 47306.
J Pers Soc Psychol. 1992 Feb;62(2):246-56. doi: 10.1037//0022-3514.62.2.246.
Several hypotheses derived from P. Brown and Levinson's (1987) politeness theory were tested with Ss from the United States and Korea. Ss imagined themselves in situations in which they were to make a request. They then indicated exactly what they would say in each situation and what their perceptions of the request size, the hearer's power, and the closeness of their relationship with the hearer were. Consistent with P. Brown and Levinson's theory, power, distance, and size contributed significantly to politeness. Significant predictor variable interactions suggested that an additive model is not appropriate. Finally, there was evidence of cultural and gender differences in the weighting of these predictor variables. These differences can partially account for cultural and gender differences in language use.
从P. 布朗和列文森（1987）的礼貌理论中得出的几个假设，在美国和韩国的被试中进行了检验。被试想象自己处于提出请求的情境中。然后，他们确切地指出在每种情境下会说什么，以及他们对请求大小、听话者的权力以及他们与听话者关系的亲密度的看法。与P. 布朗和列文森的理论一致，权力、距离和大小对礼貌有显著影响。显著的预测变量交互作用表明，加法模型并不合适。最后，有证据表明在这些预测变量的权重上存在文化和性别差异。这些差异可以部分解释语言使用中的文化和性别差异。
