Qiu Y C, Zhou R H, Kong X Y, Zhang S S, Jia J Z
Key Laboratory of Crop Germplasm and Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Crop Germplasm Resources, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 100081 Beijing, People's Republic of China.
Theor Appl Genet. 2005 Nov;111(8):1524-31. doi: 10.1007/s00122-005-0081-5. Epub 2005 Sep 22.
A powdery mildew resistance gene from Triticum urartu Tum. accession UR206 was successfully transferred into hexaploid wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) through crossing and backcrossing. The F1 plants, which had 28 chromosomes and an average of 5.32 bivalents and 17.36 univalents in meiotic pollen mother cells (PMC), were obtained through embryos rescued owing to shriveling of endosperm in hybrid seed of cross Chinese Spring (CS) x UR206. Hybrid seeds were produced through backcrossing F1 with common wheat parents. The derivative lines had normal chromosome numbers and powdery mildew resistance similar to the donor UR206, indicating that the powdery mildew resistance gene originating from T. urartu accession UR206 was successfully transferred and expressed in a hexaploid wheat background. Genetic analysis indicated that a single dominant gene controlled the powdery mildew resistance at the seedling stage. To map and tag the powdery mildew resistance gene, 143 F2 individuals derived from a cross UR206 x UR203 were used to construct a linkage map. The resistant gene was mapped on the chromosome 7AL based on the mapped microsatellite makers. The map spanned 52.1 cM and the order of these microsatellite loci agreed well with the established microsatellite map of chromosome arm 7AL. The resistance gene was flanked by the microsatellite loci Xwmc273 and Xpsp3003, with the genetic distances of 2.2 cM and 3.8 cM, respectively. On the basis of the origin and chromosomal location of the gene, it was temporarily designated PmU.
来自乌拉尔图小麦（Triticum urartu Tum.）种质UR206的一个抗白粉病基因通过杂交和回交成功转入六倍体小麦（Triticum aestivum L.）。通过对中国春（CS）×UR206杂交种子胚乳萎缩进行胚拯救，获得了F1植株，其在减数分裂花粉母细胞（PMC）中有28条染色体，平均有5.32个二价体和17.36个单价体。通过将F1与普通小麦亲本回交产生杂交种子。衍生系具有正常的染色体数，且对白粉病的抗性与供体UR206相似，这表明源自乌拉尔图小麦种质UR206的抗白粉病基因已成功转入并在六倍体小麦背景中表达。遗传分析表明，在幼苗期，一个单显性基因控制对白粉病的抗性。为了定位和标记抗白粉病基因，利用源自杂交组合UR206×UR203的143个F2个体构建连锁图谱。基于已定位的微卫星标记，将抗性基因定位在7AL染色体上。该图谱跨度为52.1 cM，这些微卫星位点的顺序与已建立的7AL染色体臂微卫星图谱高度一致。抗性基因两侧分别为微卫星位点Xwmc273和Xpsp3003，遗传距离分别为2.2 cM和3.8 cM。根据该基因的起源和染色体定位，将其暂时命名为PmU。
