Silvestre Ricardo, West Chris, Maresh Carl M, Kraemer William J
Human Performance Laboratory, Department of Kinesiology, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, USA.
J Strength Cond Res. 2006 Feb;20(1):177-83. doi: 10.1519/R-17715.1.
The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between body composition (BC) and physical performance (PP) in male collegiate soccer players and differences among positions and between starters and non-starters. Twenty-seven male collegiate soccer players were tested at the beginning of the 2003-2004 season (age = 19.9 +/- 1.3 years, height = 177.6 +/- 6.3 cm, body mass = 77.5 +/- 9.2 kg, body fat (BF) = 10.6 +/- 5.8 kg, and %BF = 13.9 +/- 5.8%). BC, vertical jump (VJ), speed (S), lower-body and total body power production (TPW), and estimated Vo(2)max were measured. Values found for BC were similar than the ones in the literature. Significant correlations were found between BC and PP ranging from -0.38 to 0.61 for weight, VJ, S, TPW, and Vo(2)max. BF showed a positive correlation with S (r = 0.60) and a negative correlation with Vo(2)max (r = -0.67). The values for BC and PP were similar in starters and non-starters with only TPW showing a significantly greater value in starters. It is apparent that all members of a team train to play owing to the long seasons and substitutions, and a high level of excellence is demanded of both starters and non-starters alike. Training programs that equally benefit both groups are important in soccer.
本研究的目的是探讨男子大学足球运动员的身体成分（BC）与身体机能（PP）之间的关系，以及不同位置球员之间、首发球员与非首发球员之间的差异。2003 - 2004赛季开始时，对27名男子大学足球运动员进行了测试（年龄 = 19.9 ± 1.3岁，身高 = 177.6 ± 6.3厘米，体重 = 77.5 ± 9.2千克，体脂（BF） = 10.6 ± 5.8千克，体脂百分比（%BF） = 13.9 ± 5.8%）。测量了身体成分、垂直跳跃（VJ）、速度（S）、下肢和全身功率输出（TPW）以及估计的最大摄氧量（Vo₂max）。所测得的身体成分值与文献中的值相似。身体成分与身体机能之间存在显著相关性，体重、垂直跳跃、速度、功率输出和最大摄氧量的相关系数在 - 0.38至0.61之间。体脂与速度呈正相关（r = 0.60），与最大摄氧量呈负相关（r = - 0.67）。首发球员和非首发球员的身体成分和身体机能值相似，只有功率输出在首发球员中显示出显著更高的值。显然，由于赛季漫长且有换人情况，球队的所有成员都要为比赛而训练，对首发球员和非首发球员都有很高的水平要求。在足球运动中，制定对两组球员都同样有益的训练计划很重要。
