Cloning of the latency gene and the early protein 0 gene of pseudorabies virus.

A collection of overlapping cDNA clones encoding the latency transcript of pseudorabies virus and the DNA nucleotide sequence of the latency gene has been obtained. The transcript is spliced with 4.6 kb of intervening sequences. This mRNA, designated the large latency transcript, is 8.5 kb. It is polyadenylated and contains a large open reading frame capable of coding for a 200-kDa polypeptide. The direction of transcription is antiparallel to that of the immediate-early gene IE180 and a newly identified early gene, EP0. The latency transcript overlaps the entire IE180 gene and most of the EP0 gene. The EP0 mRNA is 1.75 kb and polyadenylated. The deduced amino acid sequence revealed the presence of cysteine-rich zinc finger domain similar to that of the immediate-early gene ICP0 of herpes simplex virus type 1 and the gene 61 polypeptide of varicella-zoster virus. On the basis of the biological functions, conserved protein domains, and unique spatial arrangements of the homologous polypeptides (IE180 versus ICP4 and EP0 versus ICP0) between pseudorabies virus and herpes simplex virus type 1, it is predicted that a homologous protein domain is also encoded by the 8.5-kb large latency transcripts of these two viruses.