Oak Ridge Associated Universities, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37830.
Infect Immun. 1971 Jan;3(1):141-8. doi: 10.1128/iai.3.1.141-148.1971.
Five mutagens were used to induce mutants of Candida albicans. Ultraviolet light, N-nitroso-N'-methyl-N-nitrosoguanidine, and N-nitroso-N-methylurethane were effective mutagens which induced stable auxotrophs. N-nitroso-N-methylurethane produced the largest number and variety of mutants. Nitrous acid and hydroxylamine were ineffective as mutagens although they killed C. albicans. All mutagenic agents employed induced colonial variants, especially small colony forms. The morphology, physiology, and virulence of one methionine and two adenine auxotrophs was compared to that of the prototroph. The auxotrophs exhibited yeast-like morphology in complex media and had sugar fermentation patterns typical of C. albicans, and all were agglutinated by C. albicans antiserum. Chlamydospore production was absent in the nonpigmented adenine mutant, and the chlamydospores produced by the methionine auxotroph were distorted. Germ tubes were formed in human serum by the auxotrophs and prototroph. Virulence for mice was retained by all auxotrophs but generally at a reduced level. The methionine auxotroph, only slightly less virulent than the prototroph, was more virulent than a pigmented adenine mutant and a practically avirulent nonpigmented adenine auxotroph.
五种诱变剂被用于诱导白色念珠菌的突变体。紫外线、N-亚硝基-N′-甲基-N-亚硝基胍和 N-亚硝基-N-甲基尿烷是有效的诱变剂，可诱导稳定的营养缺陷型。N-亚硝基-N-甲基尿烷产生的突变体数量最多，种类最多。尽管亚硝酸和羟胺可以杀死白色念珠菌，但它们不能作为诱变剂。所有使用的诱变剂都诱导了菌落变体，特别是小菌落形式。一个蛋氨酸和两个腺嘌呤营养缺陷型的形态、生理和毒力与原养型进行了比较。在复杂培养基中，营养缺陷型表现出酵母样形态，并且具有白色念珠菌典型的糖发酵模式，所有营养缺陷型都被白色念珠菌抗血清凝集。非色素腺嘌呤突变体中不存在厚垣孢子的产生，而蛋氨酸营养缺陷型产生的厚垣孢子变形。在人血清中，营养缺陷型和原养型都形成了芽管。所有营养缺陷型都保持了对小鼠的毒力，但通常在降低的水平。蛋氨酸营养缺陷型的毒力仅略低于原养型，比色素腺嘌呤突变体和几乎无毒性的非色素腺嘌呤营养缺陷型更具毒力。
