Baldock M R J, Mathias J L, McLean A J, Berndt A
School of Psychology, University of Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia.
Accid Anal Prev. 2006 Sep;38(5):1038-45. doi: 10.1016/j.aap.2006.04.016. Epub 2006 May 24.
Although it is known that older drivers limit their driving, it is not known whether this self-regulation is related to actual driving ability. A sample of 104 older drivers, aged between 60 and 92, completed a questionnaire about driving habits and attitudes. Ninety of these drivers also completed a structured on-road driving test. A measure of self-regulation was derived from drivers' self-reported avoidance of difficult driving situations. The on-road driving test involved a standard assessment used to determine fitness to drive. Driving test scores for the study were based on the number of errors committed in the driving tests, with weightings given according to the seriousness of the errors. The most commonly avoided difficult driving situations, according to responses on the questionnaire, were parallel parking and driving at night in the rain, while the least avoided situation was driving alone. Poorer performance on the driving test was not related to overall avoidance of difficult driving situations. Stronger relationships were found between driving ability and avoidance of specific difficult driving situations. These specific driving situations were the ones in which the drivers had low confidence and that the drivers were most able to avoid if they wished to.
虽然已知老年驾驶员会限制自己的驾驶活动，但尚不清楚这种自我调节是否与实际驾驶能力有关。一个由104名年龄在60至92岁之间的老年驾驶员组成的样本，完成了一份关于驾驶习惯和态度的问卷。其中90名驾驶员还完成了一项结构化的道路驾驶测试。自我调节的衡量标准源自驾驶员自我报告的对困难驾驶情况的回避。道路驾驶测试采用了用于确定驾驶适宜性的标准评估。该研究的驾驶测试分数基于驾驶测试中所犯错误的数量，并根据错误的严重程度进行加权。根据问卷回答，最常被回避的困难驾驶情况是平行停车和夜间雨中驾驶，而最不常被回避的情况是独自驾驶。驾驶测试中的较差表现与对困难驾驶情况的总体回避无关。在驾驶能力与对特定困难驾驶情况的回避之间发现了更强的关联。这些特定的驾驶情况是驾驶员信心较低的情况，并且如果他们愿意，最能够回避。
