Cuenca Alex G, Jiang Huabei, Hochwald Steven N, Delano Matthew, Cance William G, Grobmyer Stephen R
Division of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32610, USA.
Cancer. 2006 Aug 1;107(3):459-66. doi: 10.1002/cncr.22035.
Nanotechnology is multidisciplinary field that involves the design and engineering of objects <500 nanometers (nm) in size. The National Cancer Institute has recognized that nanotechnology offers an extraordinary, paradigm-changing opportunity to make significant advances in cancer diagnosis and treatment. In the last several decades, nanotechnology has been studied and developed primarily for use in novel drug-delivery systems (e.g. liposomes, gelatin nanoparticles, micelles). A recent explosion in engineering and technology has led to 1) the development of many new nanoscale platforms, including quantum dots, nanoshells, gold nanoparticles, paramagnetic nanoparticles, and carbon nanotubes, and 2) improvements in traditional, lipid-based nanoscale platforms. The emerging implications of these platforms for advances in cancer diagnostics and therapeutics form the basis of this review. A widespread understanding of these new technologies is important, because they currently are being integrated into the clinical practice of oncology.
纳米技术是一个多学科领域，涉及尺寸小于500纳米（nm）的物体的设计与工程。美国国立癌症研究所已经认识到，纳米技术为癌症诊断和治疗取得重大进展提供了一个非凡的、改变范式的机会。在过去几十年中，纳米技术主要是为用于新型药物递送系统（如脂质体、明胶纳米颗粒、胶束）而进行研究和开发的。近期工程技术的迅猛发展带来了：1）许多新型纳米级平台的开发，包括量子点、纳米壳、金纳米颗粒、顺磁性纳米颗粒和碳纳米管；2）传统脂质基纳米级平台的改进。这些平台对癌症诊断和治疗进展的新影响构成了本综述的基础。广泛了解这些新技术很重要，因为它们目前正被整合到肿瘤学的临床实践中。
