团队合作是高可靠性组织的重要组成部分。
Teamwork as an essential component of high-reliability organizations.
作者信息
Baker David P, Day Rachel, Salas Eduardo
机构信息
American Institutes for Research, NW, Washington, DC 20007, USA.
出版信息
Health Serv Res. 2006 Aug;41(4 Pt 2):1576-98. doi: 10.1111/j.1475-6773.2006.00566.x.
Abstract
Organizations are increasingly becoming dynamic and unstable. This evolution has given rise to greater reliance on teams and increased complexity in terms of team composition, skills required, and degree of risk involved. High-reliability organizations (HROs) are those that exist in such hazardous environments where the consequences of errors are high, but the occurrence of error is extremely low. In this article, we argue that teamwork is an essential component of achieving high reliability particularly in health care organizations. We describe the fundamental characteristics of teams, review strategies in team training, demonstrate the criticality of teamwork in HROs and finally, identify specific challenges the health care community must address to improve teamwork and enhance reliability.
摘要
组织正日益变得动态且不稳定。这种演变导致对团队的依赖增强，并且在团队构成、所需技能以及所涉风险程度方面的复杂性增加。高可靠性组织（HROs）是那些存在于错误后果严重但错误发生率极低的危险环境中的组织。在本文中，我们认为团队合作是实现高可靠性的关键要素，尤其是在医疗保健组织中。我们描述了团队的基本特征，回顾了团队培训策略，论证了团队合作在高可靠性组织中的重要性，最后，确定了医疗保健界为改善团队合作和提高可靠性必须应对的具体挑战。
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