Fenske R A, Blacker A M, Hamburger S J, Simon G S
Department of Environmental Science, New Jersey Agricultural Experiment Station, Rutgers University, New Brunswick 08903.
Arch Environ Contam Toxicol. 1990 Mar-Apr;19(2):190-6. doi: 10.1007/BF01056086.
Twelve workers were monitored for exposure to 18.75% lindane dust formulation during manual wheat seed treatment. The mean total actual exposure rate was 32.89 mg/hr. Potential respiratory exposure averaged 0.0057 mg/hr (less than 1% of the total), with seven workers receiving no measurable respiratory exposures. Mean hand exposure was 1.84 mg/hr (5.6%). Dermal exposure to the head and neck averaged 4.28 mg/hr (13%). Exposure measured beneath the workshirt and workpants averaged 26.8 mg/hr (81.4%). The workshirt and workpants provided 3.4-fold and 11.5-fold protection factors, respectively. Forearm exposure measured beneath the workshirt represented more than 40% of total actual exposure. The small contribution of hand exposure to total dermal exposure was consistent with the use of chemical-resistant gloves by all workers. Total dermal exposure could be reduced substantially by wearing coveralls over regular work clothing, and by the use of guantlet-type gloves. It is recommended that worker education concerning personal hygiene and the appropriate use of protection clothing be made essential components of exposure reduction programs.
在手工处理小麦种子过程中，对12名工人接触18.75%林丹粉剂配方的情况进行了监测。实际总接触率平均为32.89毫克/小时。潜在呼吸道接触平均为0.0057毫克/小时（占总量不到1%），7名工人未检测到可测量的呼吸道接触。手部平均接触量为1.84毫克/小时（5.6%）。头部和颈部的皮肤接触平均为4.28毫克/小时（13%）。工作服和工作裤内的接触量平均为26.8毫克/小时（81.4%）。工作服和工作裤的防护系数分别为3.4倍和11.5倍。工作服下测量的前臂接触量占实际总接触量的40%以上。手部接触对皮肤总接触的贡献较小，这与所有工人都使用耐化学手套的情况一致。通过在常规工作服外面穿防护服以及使用长筒手套，可以大幅减少皮肤总接触量。建议将关于个人卫生和防护服正确使用的工人教育作为接触减少计划的重要组成部分。
