Lijnen P, M'Buyamba-Kabangu J R, Fagard R, Staessen J, Amery A
Department of Pathophysiology, University of Leuven, Belgium.
Cardiovasc Drugs Ther. 1990 Mar;4 Suppl 2:321-33. doi: 10.1007/BF02603172.
The intraerythrocyte sodium concentration is increased in the erythrocytes of Zaïrean Bantu with untreated hypertension, while the red blood cell potassium is not different from that of normotensive subjects. Compared with whites, normotensive healthy blacks have a higher intracellular concentration of sodium due to a depressed activity of the sodium-potassium pump. Normotensive healthy males with a positive familial background of hypertension display higher erythrocyte sodium and lower cotransport activity. None of the two measurements offer a clear-cut genetic marker of essential hypertension. In healthy women, the erythrocyte sodium concentration is lowered during the luteal as compared with the follicular phase of the menstrual cycle. This variability explains the difference observed between men and women. A low-sodium diet stimulates the activity of the sodium-potassium ATPase pump, which leads to a decrease in the erythrocyte sodium concentration. Both alterations reverse only slowly during sodium repletion. It is therefore suggested that an adequate matching for race, sex, stage of the menstrual cycle (in women), family history of hypertension, and the amount of sodium in the diet should be a prerequisite for valid conclusions when interpreting the erythrocyte concentration and fluxes of sodium.
未治疗的高血压扎伊尔班图人的红细胞内钠浓度升高，而其红细胞钾浓度与血压正常者无异。与白人相比，血压正常的健康黑人由于钠钾泵活性降低，细胞内钠浓度较高。有高血压家族史阳性的血压正常健康男性表现出较高的红细胞钠含量和较低的协同转运活性。这两项测量均未提供明确的原发性高血压遗传标记。在健康女性中，与月经周期的卵泡期相比，黄体期红细胞钠浓度降低。这种变异性解释了男女之间观察到的差异。低钠饮食会刺激钠钾ATP酶泵的活性，导致红细胞钠浓度降低。在补充钠的过程中，这两种改变恢复都很缓慢。因此，建议在解释红细胞钠浓度和通量时，种族、性别、月经周期阶段（女性）、高血压家族史以及饮食中的钠含量要适当匹配，这是得出有效结论的前提条件。
