Marugame Tomomi, Yamamoto Seiichiro, Yoshimi Itsuro, Sobue Tomotaka, Inoue Manami, Tsugane Shoichiro
Cancer Information Services and Surveillance Division, Center for Cancer Control and Information Services, National Cancer Center, Tokyo, Japan.
Am J Epidemiol. 2007 May 1;165(9):1039-46. doi: 10.1093/aje/kwk112. Epub 2007 Mar 6.
To evaluate the hypothesis that, in terms of all-cause death, drinking alcohol 1-4 days per week is less harmful than daily (5-7 days/week) drinking of the same quantity of alcohol, a prospective cohort study using a self-administered questionnaire was conducted in Japan between 1990 and 2003 of 88,746 subjects (41,702 men and 47,044 women) aged 40-69 years at baseline. Among male regular drinkers consuming alcohol more than 1 day per week, light drinkers (<300 g/week) showed no increase in all-cause mortality irrespective of frequency of alcohol intake. Heavy drinkers (> or = 300 g/week), however, showed an increased risk of all-cause mortality among those who consumed alcohol 5-7 days per week, while no obvious increase was observed among those who consumed alcohol less than 4 days per week. Hazard ratios for drinkers who consumed alcohol 5-7 days per week were 1.29 (95% confidence interval: 1.12, 1.50) for 300-449 g per week and 1.55 (95% confidence interval: 1.32, 1.81) for > or = 450 g per week when compared with those for occasional drinkers who consumed alcohol 1-3 days per month. These findings support the Japanese social belief that "liver holidays," abstaining from alcohol for more than 2 days per week, are important for heavy drinkers.
每周饮酒1 - 4天比每天（每周5 - 7天）饮用相同量的酒精危害更小，1990年至2003年期间在日本对88746名基线年龄为40 - 69岁的受试者（41702名男性和47044名女性）进行了一项使用自填问卷的前瞻性队列研究。在每周饮酒超过1天的男性经常饮酒者中，轻度饮酒者（<300克/周）无论饮酒频率如何，全因死亡率均未增加。然而，重度饮酒者（≥300克/周）中，每周饮酒5 - 7天的人全因死亡风险增加，而每周饮酒少于4天的人未观察到明显增加。与每月饮酒1 - 3天的偶尔饮酒者相比，每周饮酒5 - 7天的饮酒者，每周饮酒300 - 449克时的风险比为1.29（95%置信区间：1.12, 1.50），每周饮酒≥450克时的风险比为1.55（95%置信区间：1.32, 1.81）。这些发现支持了日本社会的观念，即“肝脏休息日”，即每周戒酒超过2天，对重度饮酒者很重要。
