Niessen S J M, Eastwood J, Smyth J B A, Cherubini G B
Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Royal Veterinary College, University of London, Hawkshead Lane, North Mymms, Hatfield, Herts, AL9 7TA.
J Small Anim Pract. 2007 Jun;48(6):346-52. doi: 10.1111/j.1748-5827.2006.00263.x. Epub 2007 Apr 8.
Canine dysautonomia was diagnosed definitively in five dogs by histopathology. All dogs were seen between June 2004 and July 2006 and originated from south-east England; four dogs originated from an urban area and one from a rural area. Of the urban dogs, one had recently visited Scotland and one had visited a kennel in a rural area nearby. Acute-onset but progressive vomiting, diarrhoea, depression and inappetence were the most common presenting clinical signs. Reduced or absent anal tone, dysuria, absence of pupillary light reflexes with intact vision, mydriasis, decreased corneal sensitivity and nictitating membrane protrusion were among the most frequent neurological findings. Abnormalities in pharmacological autonomic and physiological function testing (including orthostatic hypotension in two dogs) and diagnostic imaging studies were detected in some of the animals. All dogs failed to respond adequately to treatment, and given the poor prognosis, they were eventually euthanased. Histopathology identified marked chromatolysis of ganglion cell bodies. This case series emphasises that dysautonomia should be considered when a dog is presented in the UK with acute- or subacute-onset gastrointestinal signs and compatible physical and neurological abnormalities.
通过组织病理学确诊五只犬患有自主性神经功能障碍。所有犬均于2004年6月至2006年7月间被诊治，均来自英格兰东南部；四只犬来自市区，一只来自农村地区。市区的犬中，一只近期去过苏格兰，一只去过附近农村地区的犬舍。急性起病但进行性加重的呕吐、腹泻、抑郁和食欲不振是最常见的临床症状。最常见的神经学表现包括肛门张力降低或消失、排尿困难、视力正常但瞳孔对光反射消失、瞳孔散大、角膜敏感性降低和瞬膜突出。部分动物检测到药理学自主神经和生理功能测试异常（包括两只犬出现体位性低血压）以及诊断性影像学研究异常。所有犬对治疗反应不佳，鉴于预后不良，最终均实施了安乐死。组织病理学检查发现神经节细胞体有明显的染色质溶解。该病例系列强调，当英国的犬出现急性或亚急性胃肠道症状以及相关的体格和神经学异常时，应考虑自主性神经功能障碍。
