Zaremba M L, Daniluk T, Rozkiewicz D, Cylwik-Rokicka D, Kierklo A, Tokajuk G, Dabrowska E, Pawińska M, Klimiuk A, Stokowska W, Abdelrazek S
Department of Microbiology, Medical University of Białystok, Poland.
Adv Med Sci. 2006;51 Suppl 1:233-6.
The aim of this study was to determine the incidence rate of oral Candida species in middle-aged and elderly subjects.
The study carried out in 103 adults aged 35-92 years, in which 32 (31.1%) used complet or partial acrylic dentures. Mycological tests were performed by using culture (Sabouraud agar) and API 20C AUX (bioMérieux) for identification of the species level. Material for analysis included swabs taken from the palate mucosa and mucosal part of denture surfaces in denture wearers, as well as, from tooth surface and/or dentine carious lesions. The dental caries status of each patients was evaluated using DMF index (WHO 1986 criteria).
Yeasts of Candida genus were isolated in 65/103 (63.1%) adults. The incidence rate of Candida spp. was higher in adults without dentures (46/71; 64.8%) compared to denture wearers (19/32; 59.4%); however, the differences were not statistically significant (p = 0.59 > p = 0.05). Candida albicans were the most frequently isolated species, and with a comparable rate (p = 0.06), both in adults with and without dentures (17/32; 53.1% and 38/71; 53.5%, respectively). In 3 individuals without dentures, two other species were found apart from C. albicans, namely C. glabrata (2x) and C. krusei (1x). In a total of 11/49 (22.5%) strains belonging to 5 non-C. albicans species were detected in adults without dentures, while in denture wearers only 2/19 (10.5%) other species were found (C. krusei and C. oralis) (p = 0.26 > p = 0.05). Strains of C. glabrata species were isolated only from the elderly. No significant differences were noted in the incidence of Candida spp. between middle-aged subjects (35-44 years) (35/52; 67.3%) and the elderly (> 55 years) (30/51; 58.8%) (p > 0.05), both in denture wearers and non-denture wearing subjects. However, the frequency of oral Candida spp. strains was increased in advanced age subgroup 71-92 years (74.2%) compared with 56-70 years (35.0%) of elderly subjects (p < 0.05), only in denture wearers (30.0% vs 5.0%) (p < 0.05). The sex and DMF index distribution of both subject groups had no significant influence on the numbers of Candida spp. detected.
Yeasts of the genus Candida were isolated at a comparable rate (p > 0.05) from the oral cavity of adults with and without dentures, as well as in middle-aged (35-44 years) and elderly subjects (56-92 years). However, a significant difference was observed only between elderly subgroups aged 56-70 (35%) and advanced age subgroup 71-92 years (74%).
本研究旨在确定中年和老年受试者口腔念珠菌属的发病率。
该研究对103名年龄在35 - 92岁的成年人进行，其中32人（31.1%）使用全口或局部丙烯酸假牙。采用培养法（沙氏琼脂）和API 20C AUX（生物梅里埃公司）进行真菌学检测以鉴定菌种。分析材料包括从佩戴假牙者的腭黏膜和假牙表面黏膜部分采集的拭子，以及从牙齿表面和/或牙本质龋损处采集的拭子。使用DMF指数（世界卫生组织1986年标准）评估每位患者的龋齿状况。
在103名成年人中，分离出念珠菌属酵母菌的有65人（63.1%）。未佩戴假牙的成年人中念珠菌属的发病率（46/71；64.8%）高于佩戴假牙者（19/32；59.4%）；然而，差异无统计学意义（p = 0.59 > p = 0.05）。白色念珠菌是最常分离出的菌种，在佩戴和未佩戴假牙的成年人中发生率相当（p = 0.06）（分别为17/32；53.1%和38/71；53.5%）。在3名未佩戴假牙的个体中，除白色念珠菌外还发现了另外两种菌种，即光滑念珠菌（2例）和克柔念珠菌（1例）。在未佩戴假牙的成年人中，共检测到11/49（22.5%）属于5种非白色念珠菌的菌株，而在佩戴假牙者中仅发现2/19（10.5%）其他菌种（克柔念珠菌和口腔念珠菌）（p = 0.26 > p = 0.05）。光滑念珠菌菌株仅从老年人中分离出。在佩戴假牙者和未佩戴假牙者中，中年受试者（35 - 44岁）（35/52；67.3%）和老年人（> 55岁）（30/51；58.8%）之间念珠菌属的发病率无显著差异（p > 0.05）。然而，仅在佩戴假牙者中，71 - 92岁高龄亚组的口腔念珠菌属菌株频率（74.2%）高于56 - 70岁老年亚组（35.0%）（p < 0.05）（30.0%对5.0%）（p < 0.05）。两个受试者组的性别和DMF指数分布对检测到的念珠菌属数量无显著影响。
念珠菌属酵母菌在佩戴和未佩戴假牙的成年人以及中年（35 - 44岁）和老年受试者（56 - 92岁）口腔中的分离率相当（p > 0.05）。然而，仅在56 - 70岁老年亚组（35%）和71 - 92岁高龄亚组（74%）之间观察到显著差异。
