Greig Matt, Marchant David, Lovell Richard, Clough Peter, McNaughton Lars
The Football Association Medical & Exercise Science Department, Lilleshall National Sports Centre, Nr Newport TF10 9AT, UK.
Br J Sports Med. 2007 Dec;41(12):908-13. doi: 10.1136/bjsm.2006.030387. Epub 2007 May 21.
Epidemiological findings of higher injury incidence during the latter stages of soccer match-play have been attributed to fatigue.
To examine the interaction of physical and cognitive responses during soccer-specific intermittent exercise.
Ten semi-professional soccer players completed a 90-minute laboratory-based treadmill protocol replicating the activity profile of soccer match-play. Two separate trials were performed in randomised order, with and without the added stressor of a continuous grid-based vigilance task. The exercise task comprised six repetitions of a 15 minute activity profile, separated by a passive 15 minute half-time interval. The vigilance task required continual attention and sporadic target response within a letter grid. Physical response (RPE, heart rate, blood lactate, salivary cortisol) and cognitive performance (response time, response accuracy) were quantified at 15 minute intervals.
Completing the exercise task with the vigilance task resulted in decreased physiological (heart rate, blood lactate) response. This may be attributed to externally directed attention, resulting in association with the cognitive task and subsequent dissociation from the physical effort. Response speed generally improved with exercise duration, while there was evidence of impaired accuracy in the early stages of the first half and the latter stages of the second half.
The interaction of physical and mental work was not additive in nature. The mental task had a masking effect on the physical response. Performing physical exercise tasks without due regard for appropriate psychological stimuli may therefore overestimate the physiological response.
足球比赛后期较高的受伤发生率的流行病学研究结果归因于疲劳。
研究足球专项间歇性运动中身体和认知反应的相互作用。
10名半职业足球运动员完成了一项基于实验室跑步机的90分钟方案，该方案复制了足球比赛的活动概况。以随机顺序进行了两项单独试验，一项有基于网格的持续警觉任务这一额外压力源，另一项没有。运动任务包括6次重复的15分钟活动概况，中间有15分钟的被动中场休息间隔。警觉任务要求在字母网格内持续注意并偶尔做出目标反应。每隔15分钟对身体反应（主观用力程度、心率、血乳酸、唾液皮质醇）和认知表现（反应时间、反应准确性）进行量化。
在进行警觉任务的同时完成运动任务导致生理反应（心率、血乳酸）降低。这可能归因于外部定向注意力，导致与认知任务相关联，并随后与体力消耗脱钩。反应速度通常随着运动持续时间而提高，而有证据表明，在上半场早期和下半场后期准确性受损。
体力和脑力工作的相互作用本质上不是累加的。心理任务对身体反应有掩盖作用。因此，在不适当考虑适当心理刺激的情况下进行体育锻炼任务可能会高估生理反应。
