Fogarty Rhys, Halpin Kim, Hyatt Alex D, Daszak Peter, Mungall Bruce A
Department of Ophthalmology, Flinders Medical Centre, Adelaide, Australia.
Virus Res. 2008 Mar;132(1-2):140-4. doi: 10.1016/j.virusres.2007.11.010. Epub 2007 Dec 31.
The routes of henipavirus transmission between hosts are poorly understood. The purpose of this study was to measure the persistence of henipaviruses under various environmental conditions and thereby gain an insight into likely mechanisms of transmission. Henipaviruses survived for more than 4 days at 22 degrees C in pH-neutral fruit bat urine but were sensitive to higher temperatures and pH changes. On mango flesh, survival time varied depending on temperature and fruit pH, ranging from 2h to more than 2 days. Desiccation of viruses substantially reduced survival time to less than 2h. The sensitivity of henipaviruses to pH, temperature and desiccation indicates a need for close contact between hosts for transmission to occur, although under ideal conditions henipaviruses can persist for extended periods facilitating vehicle-borne transmission.
亨尼帕病毒在宿主之间的传播途径目前还知之甚少。本研究的目的是测量亨尼帕病毒在各种环境条件下的存活时间，从而深入了解可能的传播机制。亨尼帕病毒在22摄氏度的pH值中性果蝠尿液中可存活4天以上，但对较高温度和pH值变化敏感。在芒果果肉上，存活时间因温度和果实pH值而异，从2小时到超过2天不等。病毒干燥会使存活时间大幅缩短至不到2小时。亨尼帕病毒对pH值、温度和干燥的敏感性表明，病毒传播需要宿主之间密切接触，不过在理想条件下，亨尼帕病毒可以长时间存活，从而促进媒介传播。
