Smith Kirk R, Haigler Evan
Division of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720-7360, USA.
Annu Rev Public Health. 2008;29:11-25. doi: 10.1146/annurev.publhealth.29.020907.090759.
Interventions in the energy sector offer significant opportunities for reducing both greenhouse and other health-damaging pollution, resulting in what are called "co-benefits." The health community plays a critical role in evaluating such interventions to optimize progress of both sorts because both affect health. In detail, analyses require sophisticated modeling and specific local information. As a starting point, however, we offer here a set of scoping methods for obtaining a quick assessment of these co-benefits for interventions in the energy sector, the arena with the highest potential for significant co-benefits. Thus we combine relevant methods developed separately in recent years for cost-effectiveness assessments in the climate change, health, and development communities. We offer sample calculations, which illustrate the apparent high degree of co-benefit effectiveness for targeted interventions in the household energy sector in developing countries.
能源领域的干预措施为减少温室气体排放和其他危害健康的污染提供了重大机遇，从而产生所谓的“协同效益”。卫生界在评估此类干预措施以优化这两类进展方面发挥着关键作用，因为这两者都会影响健康。具体而言，分析需要复杂的模型和特定的本地信息。然而，作为起点，我们在此提供一套范围界定方法，用于快速评估能源领域干预措施的这些协同效益，能源领域具有产生重大协同效益的最大潜力。因此，我们结合了近年来分别在气候变化、卫生和发展领域为成本效益评估而开发的相关方法。我们提供了样本计算，这些计算说明了针对发展中国家家庭能源领域的干预措施所具有的明显高度协同效益。
