Sakamoto Yuko, Sakuraba Keishoku
Department of Orthopaedics, Juntendo University School of Medicine, 2-1-1, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, 113-8421, Tokyo, Japan.
Am J Sports Med. 2008 May;36(5):943-8. doi: 10.1177/0363546507313573. Epub 2008 Mar 4.
The purpose of this study was to compare the injury patterns and incidence of snowboarding and ski boarding injuries with that of alpine skiing in 2000 to 2005, as there are few previous studies comparing these 3 sports, especially in Asia.
The injury patterns are different among the 3 snow sports.
Descriptive epidemiology study.
The subjects were alpine skiers (1240 cases), snowboarders (2220 cases), and ski boarders (132 cases) who were injured in 2 ski resorts located in Niigata prefecture in Japan and visited the authors' clinics in these ski resorts between 2000 and 2005. On visiting the clinics, patients completed a questionnaire reviewing the circumstances surrounding the injury event, and physicians documented the diagnosis.
The injury rate, which was based on all purchased lift tickets, in snowboarding decreased gradually, although it was still 2 times higher than that of alpine skiing. Snowboarding and ski boarding had a higher fracture and dislocation rate. Both sports also had a 4 times higher rate of injuries because of jumping. The characteristics of ski boarding were a lower head and neck injury rate and collision injury rate than those of the other 2 snow sports, as well as a 2 times higher rate of fractures compared with alpine skiing injuries and a 1.4 times higher incidence than that of snowboarding injuries. Of the fractures caused by ski boarding accidents, 39.6% affected the lower leg bones.
Injury prevention strategies should focus on jumps for snowboarders and ski boarders.
本研究旨在比较2000年至2005年单板滑雪、双板滑雪与高山滑雪的损伤模式及损伤发生率，因为此前很少有研究对这三项运动进行比较，尤其是在亚洲。
这三项雪上运动的损伤模式不同。
描述性流行病学研究。
研究对象为在日本新潟县的两个滑雪胜地受伤的高山滑雪者（1240例）、单板滑雪者（2220例）和双板滑雪者（132例），他们于2000年至2005年间前往作者所在的这些滑雪胜地的诊所就诊。就诊时，患者填写了一份问卷，回顾了受伤事件的相关情况，医生记录了诊断结果。
基于所有购买的缆车门票计算，单板滑雪的损伤率逐渐下降，尽管仍比高山滑雪高2倍。单板滑雪和双板滑雪的骨折和脱位率更高。这两项运动因跳跃导致的受伤率也高出4倍。双板滑雪的特点是头部和颈部损伤率及碰撞损伤率低于其他两项雪上运动，与高山滑雪损伤相比，骨折率高出2倍，与单板滑雪损伤相比，发生率高出1.4倍。在双板滑雪事故导致的骨折中，39.6%影响小腿骨。
预防损伤策略应侧重于单板滑雪者和双板滑雪者的跳跃动作。
