Vetvicka Vaclav, Vetvickova Jana
University of Louisville, Department of Pathology, Louisville, KY, USA.
Biomed Pap Med Fac Univ Palacky Olomouc Czech Repub. 2007 Dec;151(2):225-31. doi: 10.5507/bp.2007.038.
Numerous types of glucans have been isolated from almost every species of yeast, grain, and fungi. These products have been extensively studied for their immunological and pharmacological effects.
In this paper we evaluated the possibility whether individual glucans will be similarly active against each of the tested biological properties or if each glucan will affect different reactions.
Immunological effects of glucans were measured by evaluation of phagocytosis of HEMA particles by peripheral blood leukocytes and production of IL-2 by mouse splenocytes. Next we measured the effects of long-term treatment with glucan on levels of blood glucose and blood cholesterol. Four different glucans differing in origin (yeast, grain and mushroom) were used.
Our results showed that the same glucan, yeast-derived insoluble #300 glucan, stimulated phagocytosis of peripheral blood leukocytes, production of IL-2 by mouse splenocytes, lowered the cholesterol levels in mice with experimentally-induced cholesterolemia and lowered the level of blood sugar after induced hyperglycaemie. The remainder of tested glucans were only marginally active.
Taken together, our study showed that with respect to natural glucans, there is a yes-or-no effect suggesting that highly purified and highly active glucans will have pleiotropic impact, whereas poorly isolated and/or less active glucans will have only mediocre biological properties.
几乎从每种酵母、谷物和真菌中都分离出了多种类型的葡聚糖。这些产品因其免疫和药理作用而受到广泛研究。
在本文中，我们评估了单个葡聚糖对每种测试生物学特性是否具有相似活性，或者每种葡聚糖是否会影响不同反应的可能性。
通过评估外周血白细胞对HEMA颗粒的吞噬作用以及小鼠脾细胞产生白细胞介素-2来测量葡聚糖的免疫作用。接下来，我们测量了葡聚糖长期治疗对血糖和血胆固醇水平的影响。使用了四种来源不同（酵母、谷物和蘑菇）的葡聚糖。
我们的结果表明，相同的葡聚糖，即酵母来源的不溶性#300葡聚糖，刺激外周血白细胞的吞噬作用、小鼠脾细胞产生白细胞介素-2，降低实验性诱导的高胆固醇血症小鼠的胆固醇水平，并在诱导高血糖后降低血糖水平。其余测试的葡聚糖活性仅微乎其微。
综上所述，我们的研究表明，对于天然葡聚糖，存在一种非此即彼的效应，即高度纯化和高活性的葡聚糖将具有多效性影响，而分离不佳和/或活性较低的葡聚糖将仅具有中等的生物学特性。
