Apfelbaum Henry L, Apfelbaum Doris H, Woods Russell L, Peli Eli
Schepens Eye Research Institute, Department of Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School, 20 Staniford street, Boston, MA 02114, USA.
Ophthalmic Physiol Opt. 2008 May;28(3):204-17. doi: 10.1111/j.1475-1313.2008.00537.x.
Augmented-vision devices that we are developing to aid people with low vision (impaired vision) employ vision multiplexing- the simultaneous presentation of two different views to one or both eyes. This approach enables compensation for vision deficits without depriving the wearers of their normal views of the scene. Ideally, wearers would make use of the simultaneous views to alert them to potential mobility hazards, without a need to divide attention consciously. Inattentional blindness, the frequent inability to notice otherwise-obvious events in one scene while paying attention to another, overlapping, scene, works against that sort of augmentation, so we are investigating ways to mitigate it. In this study, we filtered the augmented view, creating cartoon-like representations, to make it easier to detect significant features in that view and to minimise interference with the normal view. We reproduced a classic inattentional blindness experiment to evaluate the effect, and found that, surprisingly, edge filtering had no detectable effect - positive or negative - on the noticing of unexpected events in the unattended scene. We then modified the experiment to determine if the inattentional blindness was because of the confusion of overlaid views or simply a matter of attention, and found the latter to be the case.
我们正在研发的增强视觉设备旨在帮助视力低下(视力受损)的人群,该设备采用视觉复用技术,即同时向一只眼睛或两只眼睛呈现两种不同的视图。这种方法能够在不剥夺佩戴者对场景正常视野的情况下,对视力缺陷进行补偿。理想情况下,佩戴者可以利用同时呈现的视图来提醒自己注意潜在的移动危险,而无需有意识地分散注意力。注意盲视是指人们在关注一个重叠的场景时,经常无法注意到另一个场景中原本明显的事件,这对这种增强视觉的方式不利,因此我们正在研究减轻注意盲视的方法。在这项研究中,我们对增强视图进行了过滤,创建了类似卡通的图像,以便更容易检测该视图中的重要特征,并尽量减少对正常视图的干扰。我们重现了一个经典的注意盲视实验来评估效果,结果令人惊讶地发现,边缘过滤对未被关注场景中意外事件的察觉没有可检测到的影响——无论是正面还是负面的。然后我们修改了实验,以确定注意盲视是由于叠加视图的混淆还是仅仅是注意力的问题,结果发现是后者。