Schnall Simone, Haidt Jonathan, Clore Gerald L, Jordan Alexander H
School of Psychology, University of Plymouth, UK.
Pers Soc Psychol Bull. 2008 Aug;34(8):1096-109. doi: 10.1177/0146167208317771. Epub 2008 May 27.
How, and for whom, does disgust influence moral judgment? In four experiments participants made moral judgments while experiencing extraneous feelings of disgust. Disgust was induced in Experiment 1 by exposure to a bad smell, in Experiment 2 by working in a disgusting room, in Experiment 3 by recalling a physically disgusting experience, and in Experiment 4 through a video induction. In each case, the results showed that disgust can increase the severity of moral judgments relative to controls. Experiment 4 found that disgust had a different effect on moral judgment than did sadness. In addition, Experiments 2-4 showed that the role of disgust in severity of moral judgments depends on participants' sensitivity to their own bodily sensations. Taken together, these data indicate the importance-and specificity-of gut feelings in moral judgments.
厌恶如何影响道德判断，又是对谁产生影响呢？在四项实验中，参与者在体验到无关的厌恶情绪时进行道德判断。在实验1中，通过暴露于难闻气味来诱发厌恶；在实验2中，通过在令人厌恶的房间里工作来诱发；在实验3中，通过回忆一段身体上令人厌恶的经历来诱发；在实验4中，通过视频诱导来诱发。在每种情况下，结果都表明，与对照组相比，厌恶会增加道德判断的严厉程度。实验4发现，厌恶对道德判断的影响与悲伤不同。此外，实验2至4表明，厌恶在道德判断严厉程度方面的作用取决于参与者对自身身体感觉的敏感程度。综合来看，这些数据表明了直觉感受在道德判断中的重要性和特殊性。
