Soustelle Laurent, Giangrande Angela
Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, CNRS/INSERM/ULP, B.P.10142, 67404 Illkirch Cedex, C.U. de Strasbourg, France.
Neuron Glia Biol. 2007 Feb;3(1):5-16. doi: 10.1017/S1740925X07000464.
One of the most challenging issues in developmental biology is to understand how cell diversity is generated. The Drosophila nervous system provides a model of choice for unraveling this process. First, many neural stem cells and lineages have been identified. Second, major molecular pathways involved in neural development and associated mutations have been characterized extensively in recent years. In this review, we focus on the cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying the generation of glia. This cell population relies on the expression of gcm fate determinant, which is necessary and sufficient to induce glial differentiation. We also discuss the recently identified role of gcm genes in Drosophila melanogaster and vertebrate neurogenesis. Finally, we will consider the Gcm pathway in the context of neural stem cell differentiation.
发育生物学中最具挑战性的问题之一是理解细胞多样性是如何产生的。果蝇神经系统为揭示这一过程提供了一个理想的模型。首先，已经鉴定出许多神经干细胞和谱系。其次，近年来，参与神经发育的主要分子途径以及相关突变已得到广泛表征。在这篇综述中，我们聚焦于神经胶质细胞产生的细胞和分子机制。这群细胞依赖于胶质细胞成熟因子（gcm）命运决定因子的表达，该因子对于诱导神经胶质细胞分化是必要且充分的。我们还将讨论最近在黑腹果蝇和脊椎动物神经发生中所发现的gcm基因的作用。最后，我们将在神经干细胞分化的背景下探讨gcm信号通路。
