Avouris Phaedon, Chen Zhihong, Perebeinos Vasili
IBM T. J. Watson Research Center, Yorktown Heights, New York 10598, USA.
Nat Nanotechnol. 2007 Oct;2(10):605-15. doi: 10.1038/nnano.2007.300. Epub 2007 Sep 30.
The semiconductor industry has been able to improve the performance of electronic systems for more than four decades by making ever-smaller devices. However, this approach will soon encounter both scientific and technical limits, which is why the industry is exploring a number of alternative device technologies. Here we review the progress that has been made with carbon nanotubes and, more recently, graphene layers and nanoribbons. Field-effect transistors based on semiconductor nanotubes and graphene nanoribbons have already been demonstrated, and metallic nanotubes could be used as high-performance interconnects. Moreover, owing to the excellent optical properties of nanotubes it could be possible to make both electronic and optoelectronic devices from the same material.
四十多年来，半导体行业一直通过制造尺寸不断缩小的器件来提升电子系统的性能。然而，这种方法很快将遇到科学和技术上的限制，这就是该行业正在探索多种替代器件技术的原因。在此，我们回顾一下在碳纳米管以及最近的石墨烯层和纳米带方面所取得的进展。基于半导体纳米管和石墨烯纳米带的场效应晶体管已经得到了证明，金属纳米管可被用作高性能互连。此外，由于纳米管具有出色的光学特性，有可能用同一种材料制造电子器件和光电器件。
