Wymbs Brian T, Pelham William E, Molina Brooke S G, Gnagy Elizabeth M, Wilson Tracey K, Greenhouse Joel B
Center for Children and Families, University at Buffalo, State University of New York, NY, USA.
J Consult Clin Psychol. 2008 Oct;76(5):735-44. doi: 10.1037/a0012719.
Numerous studies have asserted the prevalence of marital conflict among families of children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), but evidence is surprisingly less convincing regarding whether parents of youths with ADHD are more at risk for divorce than are parents of children without ADHD. Using survival analyses, the authors compared the rate of marital dissolution between parents of adolescents and young adults with and without ADHD. Results indicated that parents of youths diagnosed with ADHD in childhood (n = 282) were more likely to divorce and had a shorter latency to divorce compared with parents of children without ADHD (n = 206). Among a subset of those families of youths with ADHD, prospective analyses indicated that maternal and paternal education level; paternal antisocial behavior; and child age, race/ethnicity, and oppositional-defiant/conduct problems each uniquely predicted the timing of divorce between parents of youths with ADHD. These data underscore how parent and child variables likely interact to exacerbate marital discord and, ultimately, dissolution among families of children diagnosed with ADHD.
众多研究断言，注意力缺陷多动障碍（ADHD）患儿家庭中婚姻冲突普遍存在，但令人惊讶的是，关于ADHD青少年的父母是否比无ADHD儿童的父母面临更高的离婚风险，证据却不那么令人信服。作者采用生存分析方法，比较了有和没有ADHD的青少年及青年父母的婚姻解体率。结果表明，与无ADHD儿童的父母（n = 206）相比，童年被诊断为ADHD的青少年的父母（n = 282）更有可能离婚，且离婚潜伏期更短。在ADHD青少年家庭的一个子集中，前瞻性分析表明，母亲和父亲的教育水平、父亲的反社会行为以及孩子的年龄、种族/民族和对立违抗/品行问题各自独特地预测了ADHD青少年父母之间离婚的时间。这些数据强调了父母和孩子的变量可能如何相互作用，加剧婚姻不和，并最终导致被诊断为ADHD的儿童家庭解体。
