Nicolas Jean-François, Guy Bruno
University Lyon 1, UFR Lyon-Sud, IFR 128 BioSciences Lyon-Gerland, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U503, 21 Avenue Tony Garnier, Lyon Cedex 07, Lyon 69365, France.
Expert Rev Vaccines. 2008 Oct;7(8):1201-14. doi: 10.1586/14760584.7.8.1201.
The dermis and epidermis are alternative sites for prophylactic vaccination that have received renewed interest in recent years, not only because of the ease of access to the skin, but also its unique immunological properties. This review discusses the characteristics of the skin, current knowledge on skin immunity and clinical experience with cutaneous immunization against infectious diseases, with a special focus on intradermal immunization. The most widely accepted paradigm explaining the efficacy of cutaneous immunization is reviewed and recent research suggesting where this paradigm may need some refinement is highlighted. Clinical investigations that have concentrated on the intradermal route to vaccinate against influenza, rabies or hepatitis B support the current knowledge on skin immunity and, when combined with recent progress made in the development of user-friendly injection systems, have stimulated the ongoing clinical development of novel vaccines.
真皮和表皮是预防性疫苗接种的替代部位，近年来重新受到关注，这不仅是因为皮肤易于接触，还因其独特的免疫特性。本综述讨论了皮肤的特征、目前关于皮肤免疫的知识以及针对传染病进行皮肤免疫的临床经验，特别关注皮内免疫。回顾了最广泛接受的解释皮肤免疫效果的范例，并强调了近期研究表明该范例可能需要改进的地方。专注于通过皮内途径接种流感、狂犬病或乙型肝炎疫苗的临床研究支持了目前关于皮肤免疫的知识，并且与用户友好型注射系统开发方面的最新进展相结合，推动了新型疫苗的持续临床开发。
