用于生物防御的天花疫苗：需求与可行性
Smallpox vaccines for biodefense: need and feasibility.
作者信息
Artenstein Andrew W, Grabenstein John D
机构信息
Department of Medicine, Brown University, Memorial Hospital of RI, 111 Brewster Street, Pawtucket, RI 02860, USA.
出版信息
Expert Rev Vaccines. 2008 Oct;7(8):1225-37. doi: 10.1586/14760584.7.8.1225.
Abstract
Smallpox, eradicated as a cause of natural disease through an intensive global effort in the later part of the 20th Century, has resurfaced as a possible agent of bioterrorism. For this reason, there is renewed interest in smallpox vaccines. Live vaccinia virus, an orthopoxvirus related to smallpox, has a long and successful clinical track record as an effective smallpox vaccine; however, its use is associated with uncommon yet serious adverse events. This has led to a surge of recent research into newer-generation smallpox vaccines with improved safety profiles and retained efficacy. This article will review the history of smallpox vaccines, assess the status of newer-generation vaccines and examine the overall risk-versus-benefit profile of smallpox vaccination.
摘要
天花，通过20世纪后期全球的密集努力已作为自然疾病的病因被根除，但它又作为生物恐怖主义的一种可能媒介重新出现。因此，人们对天花疫苗重新产生了兴趣。活牛痘病毒，一种与天花相关的正痘病毒，作为一种有效的天花疫苗有着悠久且成功的临床应用记录；然而，其使用与罕见但严重的不良事件有关。这导致了近期对具有更好安全性和保留效力的新一代天花疫苗的研究热潮。本文将回顾天花疫苗的历史，评估新一代疫苗的现状，并审视天花疫苗接种的总体风险与收益情况。
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