Ostroumova E, Preston D L, Ron E, Krestinina L, Davis F G, Kossenko M, Akleyev A
Radiation Epidemiology Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, NIH, MS 7238, 6120 Executive Boulevard, Bethesda, MD 20892-7238, USA.
Br J Cancer. 2008 Dec 2;99(11):1940-5. doi: 10.1038/sj.bjc.6604775. Epub 2008 Nov 11.
In the 1950s, the Mayak nuclear weapons facility in Russia discharged liquid radioactive wastes into the Techa River causing exposure of riverside residents to protracted low-to-moderate doses of radiation. Almost 10,000 women received estimated doses to the stomach of up to 0.47 Gray (Gy) (mean dose=0.04 Gy) from external gamma-exposure and (137)Cs incorporation. We have been following this population for cancer incidence and mortality and as in the general Russian population, we found a significant temporal trend of breast cancer incidence. A significant linear radiation dose-response relationship was observed (P=0.01) with an estimated excess relative risk per Gray (ERR/Gy) of 5.00 (95% confidence interval (CI), 0.80, 12.76). We estimated that approximately 12% of the 109 observed cases could be attributed to radiation.
20世纪50年代，俄罗斯的玛雅克核武器工厂向捷恰河排放液态放射性废物，导致河边居民长期暴露于低至中等剂量的辐射中。近10000名女性因外部伽马辐射和铯-137摄入，胃部估计接受了高达0.47戈瑞（Gy）的剂量（平均剂量=0.04 Gy）。我们一直在跟踪这一人群的癌症发病率和死亡率，与俄罗斯普通人群一样，我们发现乳腺癌发病率存在显著的时间趋势。观察到显著的线性辐射剂量-反应关系（P=0.01），每戈瑞的估计超额相对危险度（ERR/Gy）为5.00（95%置信区间（CI），0.80，12.76）。我们估计，在观察到的109例病例中，约12%可归因于辐射。
