Djuric Zora, Vanloon Glee, Radakovich Katherine, Dilaura Nora M, Heilbrun Lance K, Sen Ananda
Department of Family Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-5930, USA.
J Am Diet Assoc. 2008 Dec;108(12):2059-65. doi: 10.1016/j.jada.2008.09.006.
A Greek-Mediterranean dietary pattern has two distinct aspects that differ relative to average intakes in the United States: a high intake of monounsaturated fats and a high intake of fruit and vegetables. The purpose of the study was to develop and test an exchange list Greek-Mediterranean diet that could be used in future clinical trials of breast cancer prevention. A total of 69 women, ages 25 to 59 years, were randomized to either continue their own usual diet or follow an intervention diet for 6 months during 2004 through 2005. Intervention goals were to decrease usual fat intakes by about half and to replace those fats with olive oil and other high-monounsaturated fatty acid foods; increase fruit and vegetable intakes to 7 to 9 servings/day, depending on energy intake; and consume at least one serving per day each of culinary herbs and allium vegetables. Registered dietitians provided exchange goals and individualized telephone counseling, and diets were self-selected using a Mediterranean exchange list developed specifically for this study. Changes in diet were assessed by 7-day food records. Results demonstrated that counseling using the Mediterranean exchange list was effective for large dietary changes relative to the nonintervention group. Repeated measures analysis of variance indicated a statistically significant 48% increase in dietary monounsaturated fat with no appreciable change in total fat intake, and a significant increase in fruit and vegetable intake from 4.0 to 8.6 servings/day (P < 0.05).
希腊 - 地中海饮食模式有两个与美国平均摄入量不同的显著方面：单不饱和脂肪的高摄入量以及水果和蔬菜的高摄入量。本研究的目的是制定并测试一种可用于未来乳腺癌预防临床试验的希腊 - 地中海饮食交换份清单。在2004年至2005年期间，共有69名年龄在25至59岁之间的女性被随机分配，要么继续她们自己的日常饮食，要么遵循干预饮食6个月。干预目标是将日常脂肪摄入量减少约一半，并用橄榄油和其他高单不饱和脂肪酸食物替代这些脂肪；根据能量摄入情况，将水果和蔬菜摄入量增加到每天7至9份；并且每天至少食用一份烹饪香草和葱属蔬菜。注册营养师提供交换目标和个性化电话咨询，饮食通过专门为本研究制定的地中海交换份清单自行选择。饮食变化通过7天食物记录进行评估。结果表明，相对于非干预组，使用地中海交换份清单进行咨询对于大幅改变饮食是有效的。重复测量方差分析表明，饮食中不饱和脂肪显著增加了48%，而总脂肪摄入量没有明显变化，水果和蔬菜摄入量从每天4.0份显著增加到8.6份（P < 0.05）。
