Mar Elias Educational Institutions and Mar Elias Campus, Ibillin, Galilee, Israel.
J Appl Microbiol. 2009 Jan;106(1):106-17. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2672.2008.03981.x. Epub 2008 Nov 19.
To examine the diversity of cultivable 0.2 micron filtrate biofilm forming bacteria from drinking water systems.
Potable chlorinated drinking water hosts phylogenetically diverse ultramicrocells (UMC) (0.2 and 0.1 microm filterable). UMC (starved or dwarf bacteria) were isolated by cultivation on minimal medium from a flow system wall model with polyvinyl chloride (PVC) pipes. All cultivated cells (25 different isolates) did not maintain their ultra-size after passages on rich media. Cultured UMC were identified by their 16S ribosomal DNA sequences. The results showed that they were closely related to uncultured and cultured members of the Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria and Firmicutes. The isolates of phylum Actinobacteria included representatives of a diverse set of Actinobacterial families: Micrococcaceae, Microbacteriaceae, Dermabacteraceae, Nocardiaceae and Nocardioidaceae.
This study is the first to show an abundance of cultivable UMC of various phyla in drinking water system, including a high frequency of bacteria known to be involved in opportunistic infections, such as Stenotrophomonas maltophilia, Microbacterium sp., Pandoraea sp. and Afipia strains.
Chlorinated tap water filtrate (0.2 and 0.1 microm) still harbours opportunistic micro-organisms that can pose some health threat.
研究饮用水系统中可培养的 0.2 微米滤过生物膜形成细菌的多样性。
经氯化处理的饮用水中存在具有不同系统发育的超微细胞（UMC）（0.2 和 0.1 微米可滤过）。通过在含有聚氯乙烯（PVC）管的流动系统壁模型上的最小培养基中进行培养，从饮用水中分离出处于饥饿或矮化状态的 UMC。所有培养的细胞（25 个不同的分离株）在传代到富含营养的培养基后，无法保持其超大小。通过 16S 核糖体 DNA 序列对培养的 UMC 进行鉴定。结果表明，它们与未培养和已培养的变形菌门、放线菌门和厚壁菌门的成员密切相关。放线菌门的分离株包括各种放线菌科的代表：微球菌科、微杆菌科、皮杆菌科、诺卡氏菌科和类诺卡氏菌科。
本研究首次表明，饮用水系统中存在各种可培养的 UMC，包括大量已知与机会性感染有关的细菌，如嗜麦芽寡养单胞菌、微杆菌属、 Pandoraea 属和 Afipia 菌株。
氯化自来水滤过物（0.2 和 0.1 微米）仍含有机会性微生物，可能对健康构成威胁。
