Shirreffs Susan M, Maughan Ronald J
School of Sport and Exercise Sciences, Loughborough University, Loughborough, UK.
J Sports Sci. 2008 Dec;26 Suppl 3:S47-54. doi: 10.1080/02640410802428097.
The aim of this study was to assess water and salt balance in young football players in training during Ramadan. Measurements were made in 92 young male football players before and during the month of Ramadan. Fifty-five participants were observing Ramadan fasting, while the other 37 participants were eating and drinking without restriction. In week 3 of Ramadan, water and salt balance measures were made during a training session of 60-70 min duration that was performed at an ambient temperature of 25-28 degrees C and relative humidity of 50-53%. Body mass was recorded before and after training. Fluid intake was assessed in non-fasting players by weighing drink bottles before and after training, and the volume of any urine output was recorded. Sweat composition was estimated from absorbent patches applied to four skin sites for the duration of training. Mean sweat loss of players amounted to 1.41 litres (s = 0.36) in fasting players and 1.61 litres (s = 0.51) in non-fasting players (P = 0.038). Mean fluid intake during training in non-fasting players was 1.92 litres (s = 0.66). Sweat sodium concentration was 20 mmol . l(-1) (s = 8) in fasting players and 17 mmol . l(-1) (s = 7) in non-fasting players, and total sweat sodium loss during training was 0.67 g (s = 0.41) and 0.65 g (s = 0.37) [corresponding to a salt loss of 1.7 g (s = 1.1) and 1.7 g (s = 0.9)] respectively, with no difference between fasting and non-fasting players. Sweat sodium loss was not related to estimated dietary sodium intake (r = -0.07). These descriptive data show large individual variations in all measured parameters with relatively little difference in sweat parameters between fasting and non-fasting individuals.
本研究的目的是评估斋月期间进行训练的年轻足球运动员的水盐平衡。对92名年轻男性足球运动员在斋月前及斋月期间进行了测量。55名参与者遵守斋月禁食规定，而其他37名参与者则无饮食限制。在斋月的第3周，在环境温度为25 - 28摄氏度、相对湿度为50 - 53%的条件下，进行了一场时长60 - 70分钟的训练课，并在此期间测量水盐平衡指标。记录训练前后的体重。通过称量非禁食球员训练前后的饮料瓶来评估液体摄入量，并记录尿量。在训练期间，将吸收贴片贴于四个皮肤部位以估算汗液成分。禁食球员的平均汗液流失量为1.41升（标准差 = 0.36），非禁食球员为1.61升（标准差 = 0.51）（P = 0.038）。非禁食球员在训练期间的平均液体摄入量为1.92升（标准差 = 0.66）。禁食球员的汗液钠浓度为20 mmol·L⁻¹（标准差 = 8），非禁食球员为17 mmol·L⁻¹（标准差 = 7），训练期间的汗液总钠流失量分别为0.67克（标准差 = 0.41）和0.65克（标准差 = 0.37）[分别相当于盐流失1.7克（标准差 = 1.1）和1.7克（标准差 = 0.9）]，禁食和非禁食球员之间无差异。汗液钠流失与估计的膳食钠摄入量无关（r = -0.07）。这些描述性数据表明，所有测量参数存在较大个体差异，禁食和非禁食个体之间的汗液参数差异相对较小。
