Sülzenbrück Sandra, Heuer Herbert
Leibniz Research Centre for Working Environment and Human Factors, Dortmund, Germany.
Conscious Cogn. 2009 Mar;18(1):145-59. doi: 10.1016/j.concog.2008.12.001. Epub 2009 Jan 10.
Adaptation to novel visuomotor transformations for example when navigating a cursor on a computer monitor by using a computer mouse, can be explicit or implicit. Explicit adjustments are made when people are informed about the occurrence and the type of a novel visuomotor transformation and intentionally modify their movements. Implicit adjustments, in contrast, are made without reportable knowledge of a novel visuomotor transformation and without a change intention. The relation of implicit adjustments to explicit adjustments needs further clarification. Here we show that these two types of adjustment occur at the same time and remain functionally independent. The size of total adjustment turned out to be the sum of explicit and implicit adjustments measured in isolation, even when both processes produce opposite outcomes. In perspective our results demonstrate that automatic, implicit processes of motor control are not superseded by intentional, explicit ones, but only superposed.
适应新的视觉运动转换，例如使用电脑鼠标在电脑显示器上移动光标时，可能是显性的或隐性的。当人们得知新的视觉运动转换的发生及其类型并有意改变他们的动作时，就会进行显性调整。相比之下，隐性调整是在没有关于新的视觉运动转换的可报告知识且没有改变意图的情况下进行的。隐性调整与显性调整之间的关系需要进一步阐明。在这里，我们表明这两种类型的调整同时发生且在功能上保持独立。即使这两个过程产生相反的结果，总调整的大小也被证明是单独测量的显性和隐性调整的总和。从这个角度来看，我们的结果表明，运动控制的自动、隐性过程不会被有意的、显性的过程所取代，而只是叠加在一起。
