Maffiuletti Nicola A, Bramanti Jacopo, Jubeau Marc, Bizzini Mario, Deley Gaëlle, Cometti Gilles
Neuromuscular Research Laboratory, Schulthess Clinic, Zurich, Switzerland.
J Strength Cond Res. 2009 Mar;23(2):677-82. doi: 10.1519/JSC.0b013e318196b784.
The purpose of this preliminary study was to show the feasibility of electrostimulation (ES) strength exercise incorporated into tennis sessions during the preparatory season of competitive players, and its impact on anaerobic performance. Twelve tennis players (5 men, 7 women) completed 9 sessions of quadriceps ES (duration: 16 minutes; frequency: 85 Hz; on-off ratio: 5.25-25 seconds) during 3 weeks. The ES sessions were integrated into tennis training sessions. Subjects were baseline tested and retested 1 (week 4), 2 (week 5), 3 (week 6), and 4 weeks (week 7) after the ES training program for maximal quadriceps strength, vertical jump height, and shuttle sprint time. Participants were able to progressively increase ES current amplitude and evoked force throughout the 9 training sessions, with an optimal treatment compliance of 100%. Maximal quadriceps strength significantly increased during the entire duration of the experiment (p < 0.001). Countermovement jump height at week 5 (+5.3%) and week 6 (+6.4%) was significantly higher than at baseline (p < 0.05). In addition, 2 x 10-m sprint time at week 6 was significantly shorter (-3.3%; p = 0.004) compared with pretraining. The 3-week ES strength training program was successfully incorporated into preseason tennis training with a linear progression in all training parameters. Throughout the study period, a delayed enhancement of anaerobic power and stretch-shortening cycle performance was observed. Progressive ES strength training may be safely included in the early tennis season and can lead to improvements in the anaerobic performance of men and women players.
这项初步研究的目的是展示在竞技球员的准备赛季将电刺激（ES）力量训练纳入网球训练课程的可行性，以及其对无氧运动表现的影响。12名网球运动员（5名男性，7名女性）在3周内完成了9次股四头肌ES训练课程（持续时间：16分钟；频率：85赫兹；开-关比：5.25 - 25秒）。ES训练课程被整合到网球训练课程中。在ES训练计划开始前、之后第1周（第4周）、第2周（第5周）、第3周（第6周）和第4周（第7周）对受试者进行了基线测试和复测，测试项目包括股四头肌最大力量、垂直跳跃高度和往返冲刺时间。在整个9次训练课程中，参与者能够逐渐增加ES电流幅度和诱发力量，最佳治疗依从率为100%。在整个实验过程中，股四头肌最大力量显著增加（p < 0.001）。第5周（+5.3%）和第6周（+6.4%）的反向运动跳跃高度显著高于基线水平（p < 0.05）。此外，与训练前相比，第6周的2×10米冲刺时间显著缩短（- 3.3%；p = 0.004）。为期3周的ES力量训练计划成功地纳入了季前网球训练，所有训练参数呈线性进展。在整个研究期间，观察到无氧功率和拉长-缩短周期表现的延迟增强。渐进式ES力量训练可以安全地纳入网球赛季早期，并且可以提高男女球员的无氧运动表现。
