Johnston Stephanie P, Sriram Rama, Qvarnstrom Yvonne, Roy Sharon, Verani Jennifer, Yoder Jonathan, Lorick Suchita, Roberts Jacquelin, Beach Michael J, Visvesvara Govinda
Division of Parasitic Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Public Health Service, US Department of Health and Human Services, Atlanta, GA 30341-3724, USA.
J Clin Microbiol. 2009 Jul;47(7):2040-5. doi: 10.1128/JCM.00575-09. Epub 2009 Apr 29.
Acanthamoebae are free-living amoebae found in the environment, including soil, freshwater, brackish water, seawater, hot tubs, and Jacuzzis. Acanthamoeba species can cause keratitis, a painful vision-threatening infection of the cornea, and fatal granulomatous encephalitis in humans. More than 20 species of Acanthamoeba belonging to morphological groups I, II, and III distributed in 15 genotypes have been described. Among these, Acanthamoeba castellanii, A. polyphaga, and A. hatchetti are frequently identified as causing Acanthamoeba keratitis (AK). Improper contact lens care and contact with nonsterile water while wearing contact lenses are known risk factors for AK. During a recent multistate outbreak, AK was found to be associated with the use of Advanced Medical Optics Complete MoisturePlus multipurpose contact lens solution, which was hypothesized to have had insufficient anti-Acanthamoeba activity. As part of the investigation of that outbreak, we compared the efficacies of 11 different contact lens solutions against cysts of A. castellanii, A. polyphaga, and A. hatchetti (the isolates of all species were genotype T4), which were isolated in 2007 from specimens obtained during the outbreak investigation. The data, generated with A. castellanii, A. polyphaga, and A. hatchetti cysts, suggest that the two contact lens solutions containing hydrogen peroxide were the only solutions that showed any disinfection ability, with 0% and 66% growth, respectively, being detected with A. castellanii and 0% and 33% growth, respectively, being detected with A. polyphaga. There was no statistically significant difference in disinfection efficacy between the 11 solutions for A. hatchetti.
棘阿米巴是在环境中发现的自由生活的阿米巴，包括土壤、淡水、微咸水、海水、热水浴缸和按摩浴缸。棘阿米巴物种可导致角膜炎，这是一种威胁视力的角膜疼痛性感染，以及人类致命的肉芽肿性脑炎。已经描述了超过20种属于形态学组I、II和III的棘阿米巴，分布在15个基因型中。其中，卡氏棘阿米巴、多食棘阿米巴和哈氏棘阿米巴经常被确定为导致棘阿米巴角膜炎（AK）的病原体。不正确的隐形眼镜护理以及佩戴隐形眼镜时接触非无菌水是已知的AK风险因素。在最近一次多州爆发期间，发现AK与使用高级医学光学全效保湿多功能隐形眼镜护理液有关，据推测该护理液的抗棘阿米巴活性不足。作为该次爆发调查的一部分，我们比较了11种不同隐形眼镜护理液对卡氏棘阿米巴、多食棘阿米巴和哈氏棘阿米巴（所有物种的分离株均为基因型T4）囊肿的效果，这些分离株于2007年从爆发调查期间获得的标本中分离得到。用卡氏棘阿米巴、多食棘阿米巴和哈氏棘阿米巴囊肿生成的数据表明，两种含过氧化氢的隐形眼镜护理液是仅显示出任何消毒能力的护理液，卡氏棘阿米巴分别检测到0%和66%的生长，多食棘阿米巴分别检测到0%和33%的生长。对于哈氏棘阿米巴，11种护理液之间的消毒效果没有统计学上的显著差异。
