Nishizawa Toru, Nakajima Nobuyoshi, Aono Mitsuko, Tamaoki Masanori, Kubo Akihiro, Saji Hikaru
Environmental Biology Division, National Institute for Environmental Studies, 16-2 Onogawa, Tsukuba 305-8506, Japan.
Environ Biosafety Res. 2009 Jan-Mar;8(1):33-44. doi: 10.1051/ebr/2009001. Epub 2009 Mar 14.
Monitoring for escape of genetically modified (GM) oilseed rape (Brassica napus) during transport can be performed by means of roadside evaluations in areas where cultivation of this GM crop is not conducted, such as in Japan. We performed a survey of oilseed rape plants growing along a 20-km section of Japan's Route 51, one of the main land transportation routes in central Japan for imports of GM oilseed rape from the Port of Kashima into Keiyo District. Oilseed rape plants were found each year, but the number of plants varied substantially during the three years of our study: 2162 plants in 2005, 4066 in 2006, and only 278 in 2007. The low number in 2007 was probably caused by roadwork. Herbicide-resistant individuals were detected in the three consecutive years (26, 8, and 5 individuals with glyphosate resistance), but glufosinate-resistant plants (9 individuals) were detected only in 2005. The roadside plants occurred mainly along the inbound lane from Kashima to Narita. These plants are likely to have their origin in seeds spilled during transportation of cargo from the port, since there are no potential natural seed source plants for B. napus near Route 51. This is the first detailed report on the transition and distribution of herbicide-resistant oilseed rape plants following loss and spillage along Japanese roads.
在未种植转基因作物的地区，如日本，可以通过路边评估来监测转基因油菜（甘蓝型油菜）在运输过程中的逃逸情况。我们对日本51号公路沿线20公里路段生长的油菜植株进行了调查，51号公路是日本中部主要的陆地运输路线之一，用于从鹿岛港向京叶地区进口转基因油菜。每年都能发现油菜植株，但在我们研究的三年中，植株数量差异很大：2005年有2162株，2006年有4066株，2007年仅有278株。2007年数量较少可能是由于道路施工。连续三年都检测到了抗除草剂个体（26株、8株和5株具有草甘膦抗性），但仅在2005年检测到了抗草铵膦植株（9株）。路边的植株主要出现在从鹿岛到成田的 inbound lane 沿线。这些植株很可能源自港口货物运输过程中洒落的种子，因为51号公路附近没有甘蓝型油菜潜在的天然种子源植物。这是关于日本道路上除草剂抗性油菜植株在损失和洒落之后的转移和分布情况的首份详细报告。
