Department of Large Animal Clinical Sciences, Virginia-Maryland Regional College of Veterinary Medicine, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA, USA.
J Vet Intern Med. 2009 Nov-Dec;23(6):1151-63. doi: 10.1111/j.1939-1676.2009.0389.x. Epub 2009 Sep 22.
Porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2) belongs to the viral family Circoviridae and to the genus Circovirus. Circoviruses are small, single-stranded nonenveloped DNA viruses that have an unsegmented circular genome. PCV2 is the primary causative agent of several syndromes collectively known as porcine circovirus-associated disease (PCVAD). Many of the syndromes associated with PCVAD are a result of coinfection with PCV2 virus and other agents such as Mycoplasma and porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus. PCV2 infection is present in every major swine-producing country in the world, and the number of identified cases of PCVAD is rapidly increasing. In the United States, the disease has cost producers an average of 3-4 dollars per pig with peak losses ranging up to 20 dollars per pig. The importance of this disease has stimulated investigations aimed at identifying risk factors associated with infection and minimizing these risks through modified management practices and development of vaccination strategies. This paper provides an overview of current knowledge relating to PCV2 and PCVAD with an emphasis on information relevant to the swine veterinarian.
猪圆环病毒 2 型（PCV2）属于圆环病毒科和圆环病毒属。圆环病毒是一类小的、单链、无包膜的 DNA 病毒，具有未分段的环状基因组。PCV2 是几种综合征的主要病原体，这些综合征统称为猪圆环病毒相关疾病（PCVAD）。许多与 PCVAD 相关的综合征是由 PCV2 病毒与其他病原体（如支原体和猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒）的共同感染引起的。PCV2 感染存在于世界上每个主要的养猪国家，PCVAD 的确诊病例数量正在迅速增加。在美国，这种疾病使生产者每头猪的平均损失为 3-4 美元，最高损失可达每头猪 20 美元。该疾病的重要性促使人们开展了旨在确定与感染相关的风险因素并通过改进管理实践和制定疫苗接种策略来最小化这些风险的研究。本文概述了与 PCV2 和 PCVAD 相关的现有知识，重点介绍了与猪兽医相关的信息。
