Center for Healthy Aging (CHA), Department of Epidemiology, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, 130 North Bellefield Avenue Suite 300, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA.
Public Health Nutr. 2010 May;13(5):606-14. doi: 10.1017/S1368980009991583. Epub 2009 Sep 28.
Evaluation of a dietary Na reduction trial in a community setting.
Community-based randomized trial. Ten-week nutrition intervention activities focused on lifestyle modification to decrease dietary Na intake, under the supervision of a registered dietitian. Twenty-four hour urine specimens were collected at baseline and follow-up visits to determine 24 h urinary Na excretion.
The University of Pittsburgh Center for Healthy Aging, Key to Life Nutrition Program.
Hypertensive adults at least 65 years of age.
Mean age of participants was 75 years. Twenty-four hour mean urinary Na excretion at baseline was 3174 mg/d. This reduced to 2944 mg/d (P = 0.30) and 2875 mg/d (P <or= 0.03) at 6- and 12-month follow-ups, respectively. In a sub-sample (urine volume of >or=1000 ml, baseline to 12 months), mean urinary Na excretion decreased from 3220 mg/d to 2875 mg/d (P <or= 0.02).
Significant reductions in mean 24 h urinary Na were reported, but results fell short of the recommended guidelines of 1500 mg/d for at-risk individuals. Our results reiterate the difficulty in implementing these guidelines in community-based programmes. More aggressive public health efforts, food industry support and health policy changes are needed to decrease Na levels in older adults to the recommended guidelines.
评估社区环境下的饮食钠减少试验。
基于社区的随机试验。为期 10 周的营养干预活动侧重于生活方式的改变，以减少饮食中的钠摄入，由注册营养师监督。在基线和随访时收集 24 小时尿液样本，以确定 24 小时尿钠排泄量。
匹兹堡大学健康老龄化中心，生活营养计划。
年龄至少 65 岁的高血压成年人。
参与者的平均年龄为 75 岁。基线时 24 小时平均尿钠排泄量为 3174 毫克/天。这分别减少到 6 个月时的 2944 毫克/天（P = 0.30）和 12 个月时的 2875 毫克/天（P <or= 0.03）。在一个亚样本（尿量 >or=1000 毫升，基线至 12 个月）中，平均尿钠排泄量从 3220 毫克/天减少到 2875 毫克/天（P <or= 0.02）。
报告了平均 24 小时尿钠的显著减少，但结果低于 1500 毫克/天的高危人群建议指南。我们的结果再次强调了在社区为基础的计划中实施这些指南的困难。需要更积极的公共卫生努力、食品行业的支持和卫生政策的改变，以将老年人的钠水平降低到建议的指南。
