Division of Hematology/Oncology, Host Defenses Program, Department of Pediatrics, Weill Medical College of Cornell University, New York, New York, USA.
Nutr Rev. 2009 Nov;67 Suppl 2(0 2):S152-63. doi: 10.1111/j.1753-4887.2009.00236.x.
Nutrients exert unique regulatory effects in the perinatal period that mold the developing immune system. The interactions of micronutrients and microbial and environmental antigens condition the post-birth maturation of the immune system, influencing reactions to allergens, fostering tolerance towards the emerging gastrointestinal flora and ingested antigens, and defining patterns of host defense against potential pathogens. The shared molecular structures that are present on microbes or certain plants, but not expressed by human cells, are recognized by neonatal innate immune receptors. Exposure to these activators in the environment through dietary intake in early life can modify the immune response to allergens and prime the adaptive immune response towards pathogens that express the corresponding molecular structures.
营养物质在围产期发挥独特的调节作用，塑造发育中的免疫系统。微量营养素、微生物和环境抗原的相互作用调节了出生后免疫系统的成熟，影响了对过敏原的反应，促进了对新兴胃肠道菌群和摄入抗原的耐受，并确定了宿主对潜在病原体的防御模式。存在于微生物或某些植物上而不是人类细胞表达的共享分子结构被新生儿先天免疫受体识别。通过在生命早期的饮食摄入从环境中接触这些激活剂，可以改变对过敏原的免疫反应，并使适应性免疫反应针对表达相应分子结构的病原体。
