Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 1600 Clifton Rd NE, Mailstop E04, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA.
Emerg Infect Dis. 2009 Dec;15(12):1963-9. doi: 10.3201/eid1512.091232.
The percentage of the world's population living in urban areas will increase from 50% in 2008 to 70% (4.9 billion) in 2025. Crowded urban areas in developing and industrialized countries are uniquely vulnerable to public health crises and face daunting challenges in surveillance, response, and public communication. The revised International Health Regulations require all countries to have core surveillance and response capacity by 2012. Innovative approaches are needed because traditional local-level strategies may not be easily scalable upward to meet the needs of huge, densely populated cities, especially in developing countries. The responses of Mexico City and New York City to the initial appearance of influenza A pandemic (H1N1) 2009 virus during spring 2009 illustrate some of the new challenges and creative response strategies that will increasingly be needed in cities worldwide.
到 2025 年，全球居住在城市地区的人口比例将从 2008 年的 50%增加到 70%（49 亿）。发展中国家和工业化国家人口密集的城市地区特别容易受到公共卫生危机的影响，在监测、应对和公众沟通方面面临严峻挑战。经修订的《国际卫生条例》要求所有国家到 2012 年都具备核心监测和应对能力。需要创新方法，因为传统的地方一级战略可能不容易向上扩展，以满足人口众多、人口稠密的城市的需求，尤其是在发展中国家。2009 年春季，墨西哥城和纽约市对甲型 H1N1 流感病毒的首次出现做出了反应，这说明了世界各城市将越来越需要应对一些新的挑战和创新的应对策略。
