Tédong Léonard, Dzeufiet Paul Désiré Djomeni, Dimo Théophile, Asongalem Emmanuel Acha, Sokeng Selestin Ndogmo, Flejou Jean-François, Callard Patrice, Kamtchouing Pierre
Department of Animal Biology and Physiology, Faculty of Science, University of Yaounde I. P.O. Box 812 Yaounde, Cameroon.
Afr J Tradit Complement Altern Med. 2006 Nov 13;4(2):140-7. doi: 10.4314/ajtcam.v4i2.31194.
These studies focus on the toxicity leaf hexane extract of A. occidentale L (Anacardiaceae) used in Cameroon traditional medicine for the treatment of diabetes and hypertension. Previous findings on antidiabetic and anti-inflammatory have given support to the ethnopharmacological applications of the plant. After acute oral administration, it was found that doses of the extract less than 6 g/kg are not toxic. Signs of toxicity at high doses were asthenia, anorexia, diarrhoea, and syncope. The LD(50) of the extract, determined in mice of both sexes after oral administration was 16 g/kg. In the subchronic study, mice received A. occidentale at doses of 6, 10 and 14 g/kg (by oral route) for 56 days. At doses of 2, 6 and 10 g/kg of extract, repeated oral administration to mice produced a reduction in food intake, weight gain, and behavioural effects. Liver or the kidney function tests were assessed by determining serum parameters like, creatinine, transaminases, and urea. All these parameters were significantly (p<0.01) abnormal. Histopathological studies revealed evidence of microscopic lesions either in the liver or in the kidney which may be correlated with biochemical disturbances. We conclude that toxic effects of A. occidentale L hexane leaf extract occurred at higher doses than those used in Cameroon folk medicine.
这些研究聚焦于西方腰果（漆树科）叶己烷提取物的毒性，该植物在喀麦隆传统医学中用于治疗糖尿病和高血压。先前关于抗糖尿病和抗炎作用的研究结果为该植物的民族药理学应用提供了支持。急性口服给药后发现，提取物剂量低于6 g/kg时无毒。高剂量时的毒性迹象为乏力、厌食、腹泻和昏厥。口服给药后在雌雄小鼠中测定的提取物半数致死量（LD50）为16 g/kg。在亚慢性研究中，小鼠以6、10和14 g/kg的剂量（经口途径）接受西方腰果治疗56天。提取物剂量为2、6和10 g/kg时，对小鼠重复口服给药会导致食物摄入量减少、体重增加以及行为改变。通过测定血清参数如肌酐、转氨酶和尿素来评估肝或肾功能测试。所有这些参数均显著（p<0.01）异常。组织病理学研究显示肝脏或肾脏存在微观病变迹象，这可能与生化紊乱相关。我们得出结论，西方腰果叶己烷提取物的毒性作用发生在高于喀麦隆民间医学所用剂量时。
