Aibinu Ibukun, Adenipekun Tayo, Adelowotan Toyin, Ogunsanya Tolu, Odugbemi Tolu
Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, College of Medicine, University of Lagos, P.M.B. 12003, Idi-araba, Lagos, Nigeria.
Afr J Tradit Complement Altern Med. 2006 Nov 13;4(2):185-90.
We investigated the potency of Citrus aurantifolia (Lime fruit), against pathogens, in the different forms in which this fruit plant is used locally (juice of the fruit, burnt rind of the fruit commonly known as "epa-ijebu" in the Yoruba dialect) and the oil obtained from steam distillation of the fruit. The antimicrobial activity of "epa-ijebu" in different solvents was also compared. The solvents include palm-wine (a local alcoholic drink tapped from palm trees), Seaman's Schnapps 40% alcoholic drink, water, ethanol and fermented water from 3 days soaked milled maize known as "ekan-ogi" or "omidun" in the Yoruba dialect. Antimicrobial activity was carried out by the agar well diffusion. The clinical isolates used included Anaerobic facultative bacteria, namely: Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25213, Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella paratyphi, Shigella flexnerii, Streptococcus faecalis, Citrobacter spp, Serratia spp, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli ATCC 25922, and Escherichia coli; Fungi such as Aspergillus niger and Candida albicans; and Anaerobes which includes Bacteroides spp, Porphyromonas spp, and Clostridium spp. Crude extracts of all solvents used varied in zones of inhibition. The anaerobes and the gram-positive bacteria were susceptible to all the extracts with minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) ranging from 32 mg/ml-128 g/ml. The activity against the fungi showed only the oil extract potent for A. niger, while Candida albicans was susceptible to all the extracts with MIC ranging from 256 mg/ml-512 mg/ml. The gram-negatives have MIC ranging from 64 mg/ml-512 mg/ml. Minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) ranged between 32 mg/ml to 512 mg/ml depending on isolates and extracting solvent. The oil and palm-wine extract of "epa-ijebu" showed greater activity than the other extracts. The killing rate of the schnapps extract on S. aureus and E. coli was 1 and 3.5 hours respectively.
我们研究了当地使用的不同形态的酸橙（Citrus aurantifolia）果实对病原体的效力，这些形态包括果实汁液、果实的烧焦外皮（在约鲁巴方言中通常称为“epa - ijebu”）以及从果实蒸汽蒸馏中获得的油。还比较了“epa - ijebu”在不同溶剂中的抗菌活性。这些溶剂包括棕榈酒（一种从棕榈树中获取的当地酒精饮料）、40%酒精含量的海员杜松子酒、水、乙醇以及用浸泡3天的磨碎玉米发酵得到的水（在约鲁巴方言中称为“ekan - ogi”或“omidun”）。通过琼脂孔扩散法进行抗菌活性测试。所使用的临床分离株包括厌氧兼性细菌，即：金黄色葡萄球菌ATCC 25213、金黄色葡萄球菌、副伤寒沙门氏菌、弗氏志贺氏菌、粪肠球菌、柠檬酸杆菌属、沙雷氏菌属、肺炎克雷伯菌、铜绿假单胞菌、大肠杆菌ATCC 25922以及大肠杆菌；真菌如黑曲霉和白色念珠菌；厌氧菌包括拟杆菌属、卟啉单胞菌属和梭菌属。所有使用溶剂的粗提物在抑菌圈大小上各不相同。厌氧菌和革兰氏阳性菌对所有提取物均敏感，最低抑菌浓度（MIC）范围为32mg/ml - 128mg/ml。对真菌的活性测试表明，只有油提取物对黑曲霉有强效，而白色念珠菌对所有提取物均敏感，MIC范围为256mg/ml - 512mg/ml。革兰氏阴性菌的MIC范围为64mg/ml - 512mg/ml。最低杀菌浓度（MBC）根据分离株和提取溶剂的不同在32mg/ml至512mg/ml之间。“epa - ijebu”的油提取物和棕榈酒提取物显示出比其他提取物更强的活性。杜松子酒提取物对金黄色葡萄球菌和大肠杆菌的杀菌时间分别为1小时和3.5小时。
