UMR DAP, CIRAD, TA A96/03, Avenue Agropolis, Montpellier, Cedex 5, France.
Curr Opin Plant Biol. 2010 Apr;13(2):167-73. doi: 10.1016/j.pbi.2010.01.004. Epub 2010 Feb 16.
Vast germplasm collections are accessible but their use for crop improvement is limited-efficiently accessing genetic diversity is still a challenge. Molecular markers have clarified the structure of genetic diversity in a broad range of crops. Recent developments have made whole-genome surveys and gene-targeted surveys possible, shedding light on population dynamics and on the impact of selection during domestication. Thanks to this new precision, germplasm description has gained analytical power for resolving the genetic basis of trait variation and adaptation in crops such as major cereals, chickpea, grapevine, cacao, or banana. The challenge now is to finely characterize all the facets of plant behavior in carefully chosen materials. We suggest broadening the use of 'core reference sets' so as to facilitate material sharing within the scientific community.
大量的种质资源是可利用的，但它们在作物改良中的应用受到限制——有效地利用遗传多样性仍然是一个挑战。分子标记已经阐明了广泛的作物中遗传多样性的结构。最近的发展使得全基因组调查和基因靶向调查成为可能，揭示了群体动态以及在驯化过程中选择的影响。由于这种新的精确性，种质描述在解决主要谷物、鹰嘴豆、葡萄、可可或香蕉等作物的性状变异和适应性的遗传基础方面获得了分析能力。现在的挑战是在精心挑选的材料中精细描述植物行为的各个方面。我们建议扩大“核心参考集”的使用，以促进科学界内的材料共享。
